Technical papers and technical reports

Accessibility

2024 - FSTP-CONF-F.780.2 - Conformance testing specification for ITU-T F.780.2 New !
2023 - TR.CUP - Concept of a common user profile format used to personalize audiovisual media
2023 - FSTP-ACC-Rural - Use cases of accessibility to multimedia systems in rural and out-of-home environments
2022 - FSTP.ACC-WebVRI - Guideline on web-based remote sign language interpretation or video remote interpretation (VRI) system
2021 - HSTP.ACC-UC - Use cases for inclusive media access services
2020 - TR.TRAFGR Technical Report on analysis of ITU-T F.930
2020 - FSTP-ACC.WebVRI - Guideline on web-based remote sign language interpretation or video remote interpretation (VRI) system [Superseded]
2020 - FSTP-ACC.ALD - Overview of assistive listening systems
2019 - FSTP-ACC-RCS - Overview of remote captioning services
2018 - FSTP-ACC-RCS - Overview of remote captioning services [Superseded]
2018 - FSTP-CONF-F921 - Compliance of audio-based navigation system for persons with vision impairment
2016 - FSTP-UMAA - Use cases for assisting persons with disabilities using mobile applications
2015 - FSTP-AM - Guidelines for accessible meetings
2015 - FSTP-ACC-RemPart - Guidelines for supporting remote participation in meetings for all
2006 - FSTP-TACL - Telecommunications Accessibility Checklist

Advanced multimedia Systems (AMS)

2011 - HSTP-AMSR - AMS Requirements

Apparatus associated with long-distance telephone circuits

2010 - GSTP-CSS - The composite source signal as a measuring signal and a summary of various investigations on speech echo cancellers

Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks in Next Generation Networks

2015 - Requirements for Networks in Africa
2014 - Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks in Next Generation Networks
2013 - Mobility management in ITU-T: Its current development and next steps heading towards future networks
2013 - Migration scenarios from legacy networks to NGN in developing countries

Artificial Intelligence for networks

2025 - TR.GenAI-Telecom - Potential requirements and methodology for deploying and assessing generative AI models in telecom networks New !

Audio, speech and video coding

2020 - HSTP-VID-WPOM - Working practices using objective metrics for evaluation of video coding efficiency experiments
2012 - GSTP-GSAD - Generic Sound Activity Detector
2011 - GSTP-G.711AppIII - Performance of ITU-T G.711 Appendix III (Audio quality enhancement toolbox)
2010 - GSTP-ACP1 - Selection Test Results for G.718 Baseline and Qualification Phase Test Results for G.729.1
2010 - GSTP-GVBR - Performance of ITU-T G.718
2009 - GSTP-G7291 - Performance of ITU-T G.729.1
2009 - GSTP-GVBR - Performance of ITU-T G.718 [Superseded]

Bridging the standardization gap (BSG)

2020 - Use of ITU-T Recommendations by Developing Countries

Cable television

2025 - JSTR.atsc-imatv - ATSC 3.0 and 1.0 integrated-MATV system over digital terrestrial television broadcasting New !
2024 - J.TR.WiFiTV - Secondary distribution of digital television and audiovisual content to portable devices using the wireless local area network New !
2023 - TR.FSR - Factual subscriber-base reporting and protected content delivery in a conditional access system (CAS)
2021 - JSTP-IPVB-ACC - Analysis of the cost and complexity of IP video broadcast (IPVB) technology
2021 - JSTP-IPVB-UC - Use cases and service scenario of IP video broadcast (IPVB) for CATV networks
2020 - JSTP-IBBDTV - Integrated broadcast-broadband digital TV application cooperated with server for functional extension including functions of digital TV reception and processing
2020 - JSTP-AFDI - Analysis and related solutions for full duplex interference
2013 - JSTR-SCTV-01 - Smart cable television

Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant

Charging and accounting

2023 - DSTR-IoT-DLT-Accounting - Accounting and billing aspects in Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem and integrated approach using Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT)

Digital Financial Services (DFS)

2022 - FIGI - DFS - Big data machine learning consumer protection and privacy
2021 - FIGI - DFS - Use of telecommunications data for digital financial inclusion
2021 - FIGI - DFS - Digital Financial Services Security Assurance Framework
2021 - FIGI - DFS - e-KYC use cases in Digital Financial Services
2021 - FIGI - DFS - Report - Security audit of various DFS applications
2021 - FIGI - DFS - Technical report - Digital Financial Services security audit guideline
2020 - FIGI - DFS - Digital Financial Services Consumer Competency Framework
2020 - FIGI - DFS - Technical Report on Methodology for inter-operator and cross-border P2P money transfers
2020 - FIGI - DFS - Security analysis of the KaiOS feature phone platform for DFS applications
2020 - FIGI - DFS - Security testing for USSD and STK based Digital Financial Services applications
2020 - FIGI - DFS - Implementation of secure authentication technologies for digital financial services
2020 - FIGI - DFS - Technical Report on SS7 Vulnerabilities and mitigation measures for DFS transactions
2020 - Security aspects of distributed ledger technologies
2020 - Methodology for measurement of Quality of Service (QoS) Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for DFS
2019 - Unlicensed Digital Investment Schemes (UDIS)
2019 - DSTR-DFSMR-Main recommendations
2019 - DSTR-DFSCP-Commonly identified consumer protection themes for digital financial services
2019 - DSTR-DFSUAAFR - Review of DFS user agreements in Africa: A consumer protection perspective
2019 - DSTR-DFSPI - Access to payment infrastructures
2019 - DSTR-DFSRP - The regulator's perspective on the right timing for inducing interoperability
2019 - DSTR-DFSCA - Competition aspects of digital financial services
2019 - DSTR-DFSSNDL - Impact of social networks on digital liquidity
2019 - DSTR-DFSREG - Regulation in the digital financial services ecosystem
2019 - DSTR-DFSECO - The digital financial services ecosystem
2017 - Digital Financial Services (DFS) - Interoperability
2017 - Digital Financial Services (DFS) - Technology, Innovation and Competition
2017 - Digital Financial Services (DFS) - Recommendations
2017 - Digital Financial Services (DFS) - Executive Summary
2017 - Digital Financial Services (DFS) - Consumer Experience and Protection
2017 - Digital Financial Services (DFS) - Ecosystem

Digital Health

2024 - FSTP-MED-THS - Outline and elements of basic telehealth services New !
2024 - HSTP-SLD-Venue - Guidelines for safe listening at venues and events New !
2024 - HSTP-CONF-H870 (V2) - Testing of personal audio systems for compliance with ITU-T H.870 New !
2023 - The Role of Digital Technologies in Aging and Health
2022 - FSTP-CONF-F780.1- Conformance test specification for F.780.1
2022 - FSTP-SLD-UC - Gap analysis: Use cases of safe listening devices
2021 - HSTP.CONF-H870 - Testing of personal audio systems for compliance with ITU-T H.870 (2018)
2019 - HSTP-H812-FHIR - Interoperability design guidelines for personal health systems: Services interface: FHIR Observation Upload for trial implementation
2017 - HSTP-H810-XCHF - Fundamentals of data exchange within ITU-T H.810 Continua Design Guideline architecture
2017 - HSTP-H810-XCHF - Fundamentals of data exchange within ITU-T H.810 Continua Design Guideline architecture [Superseded]
2017 - HSTP-H812-FHIR Interoperability design guidelines for personal health systems: Services interface: FHIR Observation Upload for trial implementation [Superseded]
2017 - HSTP-H810 - Introduction to the ITU-T H.810 Continua Design Guidelines
2015 - HSTP-H810-XCHF - Fundamentals of data exchange within ITU-T H.810 Continua Design Guideline architecture [Superseded]
2014 - HSTP-H810 - Introduction to the ITU-T H.810 Continua Design Guidelines [Superseded]
2006 - FSTP-RTM - Roadmap for Telemedicine

Digital Signage

2020 - Digital signage: Glossary and definitions
2014 - HSTP.DS-UCIS - Digital signage: Use-cases of interactive services

Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLT)

2024 - HSTP-DLT-CG - Construction guidelines for city-level distributed ledger technology (DLT) infrastructure New !
2022 - HSTP.DLT-Risk - DLT-based application development risks and their mitigations
2019 - HSTP.DLT-UC - Distributed ledger technologies: Use cases
2019 - HSTP.DLT-RF - Distributed ledger technologies: Regulatory framework

Economic and policy issues

2024 - DSTR-OTTBypass - OTT bypass New !
2024 - DSTR-STUDY DRCI - Dispute resolution between telecommunication operators and providers of OTTs New !
2024 - DSTR-DLTUSF - The potential of distributed ledger technology to improve the management of universal service funds New !
2018 - Digital Financial Services (DFS) - Glossary
2017 - Methodologies for valuation of spectrum - Technical Report
2017 - Economic impact of OTTs - Technical Report

Emergency communications

2020 - Identify call location for emergency service
2018 - HSTP-DIS-UAV - Use cases and service scenarios of disaster information service using unmanned aerial vehicles

Firewall and NAT traversal problems in H.323 Systems

2006 - HSTP-FNTP - Firewall and NAT Traversal Problems in H.323 Systems
2005 - HSTP-NFWT - Requirements for Network Address Translator and Firewall Traversal of H.323 Multimedia Systems

H.323 multimedia mobility

2005 - HSTP-H.510M - Usage of the H.510 protocol for the support of H.323 based Multimedia Services within GPRS/IMT2000 networks
2008 - HSTP-MMSM - Technical Paper on Service Mobility for new Multimedia Service Architecture

ICT, environment and climate change

2012 - Using submarine cables for climate monitoring and disaster warning - Engineering Feasibility Study
2012 - Using submarine cables for climate monitoring and disaster warning - Strategy and roadmap
2012 - Using submarine cables for climate monitoring and disaster warning - Opportunities and legal challenges
2012 - Climate Change Adaptation, Mitigation and Information and Communications Technologies (ICTs) - The Case of Ghana
2012 - Boosting Energy Efficiency through Smart Grids
2012 - Guidance on Green ICT Procurement
2012 - Review of Mobile Handset Eco-Rating Schemes
2012 - An Energy-aware Survey on ICT Device Power Supplies
2012 - Greening ICT Supply Chains – Survey on Conflict Minerals Due Diligence Initiatives
2012 - Assessment Framework for Environmental Impacts of the ICT Sector
2012 - General Specifications and KPIs
2012 - End of Life Management for ICT Equipment
2012 - Sustainable Buildings
2012 - Sustainable Products
2012 - Sustainable ICT in Corporate Organizations
2012 - Toolkit on Environmental Sustainability for the ICT Sector
2013 - The case of Korea_the quantification of GHG reduction effects achieved by ICTs
2013 - Experimental studies on plates and ducts installed at equipment inlets and outlets
2013 - Verification test and feasibility study of energy and space efficient cooling systems for data centres with high density ICT devices
2013 - Verification experiments related to increase of efficiency of air-conditioning and control technologies at a data centre
2013 - Validation test of a data centre cooling method using renewable energy in a cold region
2013 - Potential for primary energy savings in TLC/ICT centres through free cooling
2013 - Rationale for minimum data set for evaluating energy efficiency and for controlling data centre equipment in view of power saving
2013 - Network infrastructure best practices
2013 - Case study of reduction of air-conditioning energy by optical fibre based thermometry
2014 - The scientific and societal case for the integration of environmental sensors into new submarine telecommunication cables
2014 - Resilient pathways: the adaptation of the ICT sector to climate change
2014 - Partnering for solutions: ICTs in Smart Water Management
2015 - Sustainable Management of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment in Latin America
2015 - Monitoring of electromagnetic field levels in Latin America
2017 - Study on methods and metrics to evaluate energy efficiency for future 5G systems
2020 - Executive summary - Frontier technologies to protect environment and tackle the climate change
2020 - Frontier technologies to protect environment and tackle the climate change
2021 - Case Study - Towards a Circular Economy with the Implementation of ITU International Standards in Costa Rica

ICT Security

2024 - TR.5Gsec-bsf - Guidelines for a telecommunication network built-in security framework New !
2024 - TR.zt-acp - Guidelines for zero-trust based access control platform in telecommunication networks New !
2024 - Security in telecommunications and information technology (8th edition) New !
2023 - TR.cpn-col-sec - Security considerations of collaboration of multiple computing power networks
2023 - TR.x509ac4sc - A use case of X.509 Attribute Certificate for Supply Chain
2023 - TR.sgfdm - FHE-based data collaboration in machine learning
2023 - TR.qs-dlt - Guidelines for quantum-safe distributed ledger technology systems
2023 - TR.ba-iot - Broadcast authentication scheme for Internet of things (IoT) system
2022 - XSTP-5GsecRM - 5G security standardization roadmap
2022 - XSTR-SEC-AI - Guidelines for security management of using artificial intelligence technology
2022 - XSTR-HYB-QKD - Overview of hybrid approaches for key exchange with quantum key distribution
2020 - XSTR-USM - Unified Security Model (USM) - A neutral integrated system approach to cybersecurity

ICT Security (Internet of things)

2023 - TR.ba-iot - Broadcast authentication scheme for Internet of things (IoT) system

ICT Security standardization

2024 - TP.inno - Description of the incubation mechanism and ways to improve it New !
2023 - XSTR.ibc-cd - Guidelines for identity-based cryptosystems used for cross-domain secure communications
2021 - XSTR-XAASL - Framework for security standardization for virtualized services
2020 - XSTP-sgstruct - Strategic approaches to the transformation of security studies
2020 - XSTR-SUSS - Successful use of security standards (2nd edition)
2020 - Security in telecommunications and information technology (7th edition)
2020 - XSTP.INNO - Description of the incubation mechanism and ways to improve it
2016 - XSTR-SUSS - Successful use of security standards [Superseded]
2014 - XSTR-PKIS - Current and new challenges for public-key infrastructure standardization

Implementing ITU-T International Standards to Shape Smart Sustainable Cities

2016 - Unleashing the potential of the Internet of Things
2016 - Shaping smarter and more sustainable cities: striving for sustainable development goals
2017 - Implementing ITU-T International Standards to Shape Smart Sustainable Cities: The Case of Singapore
2017 - Implementing ITU-T International Standards to Shape Smart Sustainable Cities: The Case of Dubai
2018 - Implementing ITU-T International Standards to Shape Smart Sustainable Cities: The Case of Moscow
2020 - ITU Smart Sustainable Cities

IMT-2020 and 5G

2024 - DSTR-STUDY_IMT2020MVNOs - 5G related policy considering MVNOs New !
2023 - TR.NCDP - Session-layer network coding protocol for multicast data transmission
2017 - ITU-T Focus Group IMT-2020 Deliverables
2017 - 5G Basics
2017 - 5G Proof-of-concept demonstrations

Intelligent transportation systems (ITS)

2021 - FSTP.SS-OTA - Standardization survey for over-the-air updating in vehicles
2014 - HSTP-CITS-Reqs - Global ITS Communication Requirements (Version 1)

International mobile roaming

2023 - DSTR-IoTM2M-Roaming - Roaming aspects of IoT and M2M including any related development and tariff principles
2023 - DSTR-ROAMREG - Regional roaming initiatives
2015 - Guide for NRAs on International Mobile Roaming Cost analysis - Technical Paper

Internet of things (IoT) and machine-to-machine communication (M2M)

2025 - YSTR.Ambient IoT - Analysis on requirements and use cases of ambient power-enabled IoT New !
2017 - YSTR-DG.CoAP - oneM2M-Developer Guide of CoAP binding and long polling for temperature monitoring
2017 - YSTR-DG.SEM - oneM2M-Developer Guide of Implementing semantics
2017 - YSTR-UCC - oneM2M-Use Case Collection
2017 - YSTR-DG.DM - oneM2M-Developer guide of device management
2017 - YSTR-IDE - oneM2M-Industrial Domain Enablement
2017 - YSTR-DG.AppDev - oneM2M-Application developer guide: Light control example using HTTP binding
2012 - Impacts of M2M communications and non-M2M mobile data applications on mobile networks

IPTV

ITU Journal – ICT Discoveries

2018 - Issue No.1 - The impact of Artificial Intelligence on communication networks and services

Metaverse

2025 - Citiverse initiative - Citiverse use case taxonomy overview New !
2024 - UN Executive Briefing on unlocking the potential of virtual worlds and the metaverse for the Sustainable Development Goals New !
2024 - FSTP-ACC-MV-SUST - Accessibility in a sustainable metaverse New !
2023 - Executive briefing on the metaverse

Multiple radio access technologies

2012 - Multiple radio access technologies

NET-2030

2020 - NET2030-DF - Driving forces and vision towards Network 2030

Object identifier (OID)

2020 - XSTP-ORS - OID resolution system: Problems, requirements and potential solutions

Objective Perceptual Assessment of Video Quality

2019 - PSTR-PXNR - No-reference pixel-based video quality estimation algorithm
2004 - Objective Perceptual Assessment of Video Quality: Full Reference Television

Protocol security

2021 - QSTR-USSD - Low resource requirement, quantum resistant, encryption of USSD messages for use in financial services
2019 - QSTR-SS7-DFS - SS7 vulnerabilities and mitigation measures for digital financial services transactions

Quality of service and quality of experience

2025 - PSTR-CMVTQS1 - Alternative computational model used as a quality monitor to assess videotelephony services based on machine learning New !
2025 - PSTR-CMVTQS2 - Alternative parametric computational model used as a quality monitor to assess videotelephony services New !
2023 - JSTR-OPTR - Optimizing bit rates and transmission resolution by considering display characteristics and available bandwidth
2023 - ESTR-NUI - Radio frequency level-based single number indicator for mobile network usefulness for a given range of applications
2023 - GSTR-RQ- Roadmap for QoS and QoE in the ITU-T Study Group 12 context
2022 - ESTR-KPI-RAN - Key performance indicators (KPIs) for radio access mobile networks
2022 - GSTR-5GQoE - Quality of experience (QoE) requirements for real-time multimedia services over 5G networks
2018 - PSTR-CROWDS - Subjective evaluation of media quality using a crowdsourcing approach
2013 - How to increase QoS/QoE of IP-based platform(s) to regionally agreed standards

Quantum key distribution

2025 - Standardization consideration of satellite-based QKDN New !
2021 - Security considerations for quantum key distribution networks - Corrigendum 1
2020 - Security considerations for quantum key distribution networks

Quantum networks

2023 - Y.TR-QN-UC - Use cases of quantum networks beyond QKDN

Semantic-aware Networking

2023 - TR.Reqts-SAN - Requirements of semantic-aware networking for future networks

Smart sustainable cities

Technical Report on Counterfeit ICT Equipment

2023 - QSTR-MCM-UC - Use cases on the combat of multimedia content misappropriation
2020 - Reliability of IMEI
2017 - QTR-CICT - Survey report on counterfeit ICT devices in Africa region
2015 - Technical Report on Counterfeit ICT Equipment [Superseded]
2014 - Technical Report on Counterfeit ICT Equipment [Superseded]

Telecommunication Management

2025 - TR.MMWF - Methodologies to mitigate Wangiri fraud New !
2024 - TR.M.omr-fmls - Operation Requirements for Federated Machine Learning based Applications New !
2021 - TR-EENM - Guidelines for effective and efficient national E.164 numbering plan
2016 - MSTR-NREG - Telecom Network Registration

Testing

2025 - QSTR.FTT - Federated testbeds taxonomy New !
2025 - QSTR-TFR - Testbeds federation roadmap New !
2025 - QSTR-GDM - Guide on development and maintenance of open networking platforms (ONPs) and federations for IMT-2020 and beyond New !
2019 - QSTP-TEST-UE-MS - Guideline for general test procedure and specification for measurements of the LTE, 3G/2G user equipment/mobile stations (UE/MS) for over-the-air performance testing [Withdrawn]

Transport and access networks, and home networking

2024 - TR-OFCS - Optical fibres, cables and systems New !
2022 - GSTP-OPHN - Operation of G.hn technology over access and in-premises phone line medium
2022 - GSTR-SDM - Optical fibre, cable, and components for space division multiplexing transmission
2021 - GSTP-OVHN - Overview of the ITU-T G.hn technology
2021 - GSTP-HNAFS - Architecture, functions, and services of home network
2021 - GSTP-FTTR - Use cases and requirements of fibre-to-the-room (FTTR)
2020 - GSTP-HNSG - Technical paper on the use of G.hn technology for smart grid
2020 - GSTP-HNIA: Use of G.hn in Industrial Applications
2020 - TP-GSTR-GNSS - Considerations on the use of GNSS as a primary time reference in telecommunications
2018 - GSTR-TN5G - Transport network support of IMT-2020/5G (October 2018)
2018 - GSTP-NTSU - NT software upgrade for one image
2018 - GSTR-TN5G - Transport network support of IMT-2020/5G
2015 - Operation of G.hn technology over access and in-premises phone line medium [Superseded]
2015 - Technical Report on Optical fibres, cables and systems [Superseded]
2011 - Wireline broadband access networks and home networking
2010 - Applications of ITU-T G.9960, ITU-T G.9961 transceivers for Smart Grid applications: Advanced metering infrastructure, energy management in the home and electric vehicles [Superseded]

Trust in ICT

2023 - YSTR.HTSA-overview - Overview of ICT based highway traffic safety assessment
2023 - YSTP.AIoT - Challenges of and guidelines to standardization on artificial intelligence of things
2021 - TR.spoofing - Countering spoofing
2017 - Trust in ICT
2016 - Trust Provisioning for future ICT infrastructures and services
2015 - Future social media and knowledge society
2015 - Standardization of Trust Provisioning Study

Video surveillance

2022 - FSTP-VS-ECSR - Requirements for event centre server in video surveillance systems
2022 - FSTP-VS-SDCA - Application of software-defined cameras in the surveillance industry

Connecting the world and beyond

Technical papers and technical reports

Publications by Sector

Further Information