Connecting the world and beyond

Software, Data and Validation examples for ionospheric and tropospheric radio-wave propagation and radio noise

Study Group 3 templates for the submission of digital data sets and computer programs

ITU-R integral (authoritative/normative) and supplemental (non-authoritative/informative) data products for radio-wave propagation prediction methods

Rec. No.	Rec. Title	Description	Grid Resolution	I/S	Interpolation	Comments
P.452	Prediction procedure for the evaluation of interference between stations on the surface of the Earth at frequencies above about 100 MHz	Median annual DN Median annual N₀.	1.5° x 1.5°	I	Spatial: Bilinear	Refer to the associated Readme file for the applicable file names⁽²⁾
P.452		ITU Digitized World Map (IDWM)	Coastal contours and national borders	I	NA	Refer to the associated Readme file for the applicable file names⁽²⁾
P.453	The radio refractive index: its formula and refractivity data	Annual and monthly probability distributions of the wet term of the refractivity at the surface (Nwet)	0.75° x 0.75°	I	Spatial: Bilinear Exceedance Probability: logarithmic	Refer to the associated Readme file for the applicable file names⁽²⁾
		• Refractivity gradient in the lowest 65 m of the atmosphere (N-units/km) • Refractivity gradient in the lowest 1 km of the atmosphere (N-units/km) • Percentage of time for which refractivity gradient in the lowest 100 m < −100 N-unit/km	0.75° x 0.75°	I	Spatial: Bilinear Exceedance Probability: logarithmic	Refer to the associated Readme file for the applicable file names⁽²⁾
		Surface duct data	1.5° x 1.5°	S	Spatial: Bilinear	Refer to the associated Readme file for the applicable file names⁽²⁾
		Elevated duct data	1.5° x 1.5°	S	Spatial: Bilinear	Refer to the associated Readme file for the applicable file names⁽²⁾
P.530	Propagation data and prediction methods required for the design of terrestrial line-of-sight systems	LogK logarithm of K%, the geoclimatic factor for the average worst month	0.25° x 0.25°	I	Spatial: Bilinear	See the Recommendation for the application and use of these data sets.
P.530		dN₇₅ empirical prediction of 0.1% of the average worst month refractivity increase with height over the lowest 75 m of the atmosphere	0.25° x 0.25°	I	Spatial: Bilinear	See the Recommendation for the application and use of these data sets.
P.534	Method for calculating sporadic-E field strength	foEs exceeded for annual percentage times	1.5° x 1.5°	I	Spatial: Bilinear Exceedance Probability: logarithmic	Refer to the associated Readme file for the applicable file names⁽²⁾
P.617	Propagation prediction techniques and data required for the design of trans-horizon radio-relay systems	Median annual DN Median annual N₀	1.5° x 1.5°	I	Spatial: Bilinear	Refer to the associated Readme file for the applicable file names⁽²⁾
P.617		ITU Digitized World Map (IDWM)	Coastal contours and national borders	I	NA	-
P.678	Characterization of the variability of propagation phenomena and estimation of the risk associated with propagation margin	Map of the climatic ratio	0.5° x 0.5°	I	Spatial: Bilinear	Refer to the associated Readme file for the applicable file names⁽²⁾
P.834	Effects of tropospheric refraction on radiowave propagation	• Harmonic coefficients of excess path length along Earth-space paths • Harmonic coefficients of the hydrostatic and wet mapping functions	1.5° x 1.5° 5° x 5°	I	Spatial: Bilinear Not required	Refer to the associated Readme file for the applicable file names⁽²⁾
P.835	Reference Atmospheres	Global mean annual and mean monthly vertical profiles	0.25° x 0.35°	I	Refer to Section 5 of Annex 1 of Rec. ITU-R P.676-13	Refer to the recommendation and other recommendations referring to this recommendation
P.835	Reference Atmospheres	Global mean annual and mean monthly vertical profiles	0.25° x 0.35°	I	Refer to Section 5 of Annex 1 of Rec. ITU-R P.676-13
P.836	Water vapour: surface density and total columnar content	Total columnar water vapour exceedance probability (%) (IWVC)	1.125° x 1.125°	I	Spatial: Bilinear Exceedance Probability: logarithmic (variables at grid point scaled to desired altitude prior to spatial interpolation)	Refer to the associated Readme file for the applicable file names⁽²⁾
		Surface water vapour density exceedance probability (%) (Rho)	1.125° x 1.125°			Refer to the associated Readme file for the applicable file names⁽²⁾
		Water vapour scale height	1.125° x 1.125°			Refer to the associated Readme file for the applicable file names⁽²⁾
		Topographic altitude (a.m.s.l.) (km)	0.5° × 0.5°			Refer to the Recommendation
P.837	Characteristics of precipitation for propagation modelling	Monthly mean total rainfall MT (mm) Annual rainfall rate R_0.01 (mm/h)	0.25° x 0.25° 0.125° x 0.125°	I	Spatial: Bilinear	Refer to the associated readme file for the applicable filenames⁽²⁾
P.837	Characteristics of precipitation for propagation modelling		0.25° x 0.25° 0.125° x 0.125°	I	Spatial: Bilinear
P.839	Rain height model for prediction methods	Mean annual 0°C isotherm height (km)	1.5° x 1.5°	I	Spatial: Bilinear	Refer to the associated Readme file for the applicable file names⁽²⁾
P.840	Attenuation due to clouds and fog	Annual and monthly statistics (mean, standard deviation and CCDF) statistics of integrated cloud liquid water content	0.25° x 0.25°	I	Spatial: Bilinear Exceedance Probability: logarithmic	Refer to the associated Readme file for the applicable file names⁽²⁾
P.840	Attenuation due to clouds and fog	Approximation of annual integrated cloud liquid water content by a log-normal distribution	1.125° x 1.125°	I	Spatial: Bilinear	Refer to the associated Readme file for the applicable file names⁽²⁾
P.1144	Guidelines for the application of numerical methods used in propagation methods of Radiocommunication Study Group 3	Gaussian quadrature points and weights for numerical integration	NA	S	NA	Data files
P.1510	Mean surface temperature	Mean monthly and annual surface temperature	0.75° x 0.75°	I	Spatial: Bilinear	Refer to the associated readme file for the applicable filenames⁽²⁾
P.1511	Topography for Earth-to-space propagation modelling	Topographic altitude	~0.8333° x ~0.8333°	I	Spatial: Bicubic	This Recommendation contains definitions of latitude, longitude, and height in P-Series Recommendations. Refer to the associated Readme file for the applicable file names⁽²⁾
P.1511	Topography for Earth-to-space propagation modelling	Earth gravitational model 2008 (EGM2008)	~0.8333° x ~0.8333°	I	Spatial: Bicubic	Refer to the associated readme file for the applicable filenames⁽²⁾
P.1546	Method for point-to-area predictions for terrestrial services in the frequency range 30 MHz to 4 000 MHz	Refractivity gradient, dN, exceeded for time percentage	1.5° x 1.5°	S	Spatial: Bilinear	DNDZ_50.TXT DNDZ_10.TXT DNDZ_01.TXT
P.1546		Tabulated values of the field strength curves (Figures 1 - 24)	NA	S	Linear	Excel file
P.1812	A path-specific propagation prediction method for point-to-area terrestrial services in the frequency range 30 MHz to 6 GHz	Median annual DN Median annual N₀	1.5° x 1.5°	I	Spatial: Bilinear	Refer to the associated Readme file for the applicable file names⁽²⁾
P.1812		ITU Digitized World Map (IDWM)	Coastal contours and national borders	I	NA	-
P.1853	Time series synthesis of tropospheric impairments	Annual mean surface pressure Annual mean water vapour density	0.75° x 0.75°	I	Spatial: Bilinear	WV_Annual.txt P_Annual.txt
P.2001	A general purpose wide-range terrestrial propagation model in the frequency range 30 MHz to 50 GHz	Median value of average refractivity gradient in the lowest 1 km of the atmosphere	1.5° x 1.5°	I	Spatial: Bilinear	Refer to the associated Readme file for the applicable file names⁽²⁾
		Average refractivity gradient in the lowest 1 km of the atmosphere exceeded for p ≥ 50% of an average year	1.5° x 1.5°	I	Spatial: Bilinear
		Average refractivity gradient in the lowest 1 km of the atmosphere exceeded for p < 50% of an average year	1.5° x 1.5°	I	Spatial: Bilinear
		Refractivity gradient in the lowest 65 m of the atmosphere exceeded for 1% of an average year	1.5° x 1.5°	I	Spatial: Bilinear
		Probability of rain in 6-hours slots	1.125° x 1.125°	I	Spatial: Bilinear
		Annual rainfall accumulation	1.125° x 1.125°	I	Spatial: Bilinear
		Ratio between convective and total precipitation	1.125° x 1.125°	I	Spatial: Bilinear
		Mean zero-degree isotherm rain height	1.5° x 1.5°	I	Spatial: Bilinear
		Surface water-vapour density	1.5° x 1.5°	I	Spatial: Bilinear
		Tropospheric climatic identifiers	0.5° x 0.5°	I	NA: Nearest neighbour
		ITU Digitized World Map (IDWM)	Coastal contours and national borders	I	NA	-
P.2001 and P.534	A general purpose wide-range terrestrial propagation model in the frequency range 30 MHz to 50 GHz and Method for calculating sporadic-E field strength	Critical frequency for sporadic-E (F0Es)	1.5° × 1.5°	I	Spatial: Bilinear	FoEs50.txt FoEs10.txt FoEs01.txt FoEs0.1.txt
P.2145	Digital maps related to the calculation of gaseous attenuation and related effects	Annual and monthly statistics (mean, standard deviation and CCDF) of surface pressure Annual and monthly statistics (mean, standard deviation and CCDF) of surface temperature Annual and monthly statistics (mean, standard deviation and CCDF) of surface water vapour density Annual and monthly statistics (mean, standard deviation and CCDF) of integrated water vapour content Approximation of annual integrated water vapour content by a Weibull distribution	0.25° × 0.25°	I	Spatial: Bilinear Statistical: Linear	Refer to the Recommendation
P.2148	Digital maps related to surface wind speed statistics	Worldwide average annual statistics of wind speed at a height of 10 m above the surface of the Earth	0.25° × 0.25°	I	Spatial: Bilinear Statistical: Linear	Refer to the Recommendation
I = Integral S = Supplemental
⁽¹⁾ The variables at the surrounding grid points are scaled to the desired altitude prior to spatial interpolation per the scaling procedure in the Recommendation. ⁽²⁾ The readme file is contained within the Zip (Components) file on the web page associated with the Recommendation.

Integral (authoritative/normative) and supplemental (non-authoritative/informative) software products

Supplemental softwareare provided "as is" without any warranty of any kind, either expressed, implied, not limited to, any warranty that the results will conform to the associated recommendation, any implied warranties of merchantability, or fitness for a particular purpose.

Rec.	Rec. Title	Description	I/S	Language	Version
P.372	Radio noise	M-script file for processing white Gaussian noise measurements	S	M-script	1
P.368	Ground-wave propagation curves for frequencies between 10 kHz and 30 MHz	Software code for the calculation of the field strength and basic transmission losses based on the LFMF-smoothEarth model	I	C++	10
		M-script implementation for the calculation of the field strength and basic transmission losses based on the LFMF-smoothEarth model	S	M-script	1
		Calculation of the field strength and basic transmission losses based on the LFMF-smoothEarth model	S	Windows Executable	10
P.452	Prediction procedure for the evaluation of interference between stations on the surface of the Earth at frequencies above about 0.1 GHz	Rain scatter (SCAT)	S	Fortran	17.1
		Excel implementation of Recommendation ITU-R P.452 (clear-air prediction procedure)	S	Excel	16.1
			S	M-Script	18.1
		M-script implementation of Recommendation ITU-R P.452 (clear-air prediction procedure)	S	M-Script	18.1
P.526	Propagation by diffraction	UTD formulation for diffraction loss due to finitely conducting wedge	S	Mathcad	15
P.528	A propagation prediction method for aeronautical mobile and radionavigation services using the VHF, UHF and SHF bands	Source code and data tables for the calculation of basic transmission loss in Recommendation ITU-R P.528	I	C++ Data	5
		Windows binaries (DLLs and executables) for the integral source code	S	32-/64-bit Windows DLLs and Executables	5.0.1
		M-script implementation of Recommendation ITU-R P.528	S	M-script	5.0.1



P.531	Ionospheric propagation data and prediction methods required for the design of satellite networks and systems	Global ionospheric scintillation model (GISM)	I	Fortran	5.1
P.531		Electron density distribution and TEC along arbitrary ground-to-satellite or satellite-to-satellite paths (NeQuick2)	I	Fortran	12
P.533	Method for the prediction of the performance of HF circuits	HF sky-wave propagation (REC533) (available from the web site of the U.S. Department of Commerce NTIA-ITS)	S	Windows Executable	-
P.533	Method for the prediction of the performance of HF circuits	Prediction of the performance of HF circuits (ITURHFPROP)	S	Windows Executable	14.3
P.618	Propagation data and prediction methods required for the design of Earth-space telecommunication systems	Site diversity joint probability and complementary bivariate normal distribution function	S	M-Script	14.2241_v2
P.618		Site diversity joint probability and complementary bivariate normal distribution function	S	Python	14.2241_v2
P.681	Propagation data required for the design of systems in the land mobile-satellite service	Satellite-to-indoor channel simulator	I	M-Script/C++	11.4
P.684	Prediction of field strength at frequencies below about 150 kHz	Software to calculate skywave LF/MF field strength and phase at distances up to 4000 km using the parabolic layer model	S	Basic and Windows Executable	4
P.837	Characteristics of precipitation for propagation modelling	Annex 2: Conversion of rain rate statistics with different integration time	I	M-Script p-code and Windows	7
		Annex 1: Rainfall rate prediction	S	M-Script	7
		Annex 1: Rainfall rate prediction	S	Excel	6.1
P.838	Specific attenuation model for rain for use in prediction methods	Excel implementation of Recommendation ITU-R P.838-3	S	Excel	3.1
P.839	Rain height model for prediction methods	Excel implementation of Recommendation ITU-R P.839-4	S	Excel	4.1
P.1239	ITU-R reference ionospheric characteristics	Prediction of the performance of HF circuits (ITURHFPROP)	S	Window Executable	14.3
		Prediction of the performance of HF circuits (ITURHFPROP)	S	Window Executable	14.3
		Software to calculate tables of foF2 and M(3000) (IONGRID)	S	M-Script and Fortran	2
P.1546	Method for point-to-area predictions for terrestrial services in the frequency range 30 MHz to 4 000 MHz	M-script implementation of Recommendation ITU-R P.1546	S	M-Script	6.2
P.1546		M-script implementation of Recommendation ITU-R P.1546	S	M-Script	6.2
P.1812	A path-specific propagation prediction method for point-to-area terrestrial services in the VHF and UHF bands	M-script implementation of Recommendation ITU-R P.1812	S	M-Script	6.1
P.2001	A general purpose wide-range terrestrial propagation model in the frequency range 30 MHz to 50 GHz	M-script implementation of Recommendation ITU-R P.2001	S	M-Script	4.1.1
P.2108	Prediction of clutter loss	Calculation of clutter and building entry losses	S	Excel	2
P.2109	Prediction of building entry loss	Calculation of clutter and building entry losses	S	Excel	2
P.2146	Sea surface bistatic scattering	M-script implementation of the sea surface bistatic scattering	S	M-Script	1
I = Integral S = Supplemental

Validation Examples

These validation examples are provided "as is" without any warranty of any kind, either expressed, implied, not limited to, any warranty that the example results will conform to the associated recommendation, any implied warranties of merchantability, or fitness for a particular purpose.

Rec. No.	Description	Version
P.452-18	Validation examples for software implementation of Recommendation ITU-R P.452	18.0
P.453-14, P.618-14, P.676-13, P.836-6, P.837-7, P.838-3, P.839-4, P.840-8, P.1510-1, P.1511-3, P.1623-1, P.1815-1, P.2145-0	Validation examples for parts of Recs. ITU-R P.453-14, P.618-14, P.676-13, P.836-6, P.837-7, P.838-3, P.839-4, P.840-9, P.1510-1, P.1511-3, P.1623-1, P.1815-1, P.2145-0	8.3.0
P.526-15, P.452-15, P.1812-8, P.2001-6	Validation examples for the delta Bullington diffraction prediction method	13.2
P.1546-6	Validation examples for software implementations of Recommendation ITU-R P.1546	6.2
P.1812-5	Validation examples for software implementations of Recommendation ITU-R P.1812	6.1
P.2001-3	Validation examples for software implementations of Recommendation ITU-R P.2001	4.1

Reports, Handbooks and Fascicles associated with Recommendations

Rec. No.	Rec. Title	Report No.	Report Title	Handbook	Fascicle No.	Fascicle Title	Validation Examples
P.368	Ground-wave propagation curves for frequencies between 10 kHz and 30 MHz	-	-	Curves for Radio-Wave Propagation over the Surface of the Earth	-	-	-
P.368		-	-	Ground-wave propagation	-	-	-
P.372	Radio noise	P.2089	The analysis of radio noise data	-	3L/FAS/1	The brightness temperature prediction method in Recommendation ITU-R P.372 - Radio noise	-
P.372	Radio noise	P.2097	Transionospheric radio propagation - The Global Ionospheric Scintillation Model (GISM)	-	3L/FAS/1		-
P.452	Prediction procedure for the evaluation of interference between stations on the surface of the Earth at frequencies above about 0.1 GHz	-	-	Propagation prediction methods for interference and sharing studies	3M/FAS/12	Fascicle on hydrometeor scatter interference	Yes
P.453	The radio refractive index: its formula and refractivity data	-	-	Radiometeorology	-	-	Yes
P.528	A propagation prediction method for aeronautical mobile and radionavigation services using the VHF, UHF and SHF bands	P.2345	Defining propagation model for Recommendation ITU-R P.528-3	Radiometeorology	-	-	-
P.531	Ionospheric propagation data and prediction methods required for the design of satellite networks and systems	P.2297	Electron density models and data for transionospheric radio	Ionosphere and its Effects on Radiowave Propagation	-	-	-
P.618	Propagation data and prediction methods required for the design of Earth-space telecommunication systems	-	-	Radiowave Propagation Information for Predictions for Earth-to-Space Path Communications	3M/FAS/7	The prediction method of the probability of rain attenuation proposed in Recommendation ITU-R P.618	Yes
P.619	Propagation data required for the evaluation of interference between stations in space and those on the surface of the Earth	-	-	Propagation prediction methods for interference and sharing studies	-	-	-
P.676	Attenuation by atmospheric gases and related effects	-	-	Radiometeorology	3J/FAS/5	Fascicle on statistical distributions of integrated water vapour (Recommendation ITU-R P.836-5) and the prediction method for water vapour attenuation for a slant path in Recommendation ITU-R P.676-10)	Yes
P.678	Characterization of the variability of propagation phenomena and estimation of the risk associated with propagation margin	-	-	-	3J/FAS/4	Fascicle concerning the use of Recommendation ITU-R P.678	-
P.681	Propagation data required for the design systems in the land mobile-satellite service	P.2145	Model parameters for the physical-statistical wideband models in Recommendation ITU-R P.681	Terrestrial land mobile radiowave propagation in the VHF/UHF bands	3M/FAS/11	Guidelines for parameter extraction and testing of land mobile satellite narrowband channel models	-
P.833	Attenuation in vegetation	P.2090	Measuring the input parameters for the radiative energy transfer model of vegetation attenuation	-	-	-	-
P.835	Reference atmospheres	-	-	-	3J/FAS/11	Background information on Annex 3 of Recommendation ITU R P.835
P.836	Water vapour: surface density and total columnar content	-	-	Radiometeorology	3J/FAS/5	Fascicle on statistical distributions of integrated water vapour (Recommendation ITU-R P.836-5) and the prediction method for water vapour attenuation for a slant path in Recommendation ITU-R P.676-10)	Yes
P.837	Characteristics of precipitation for propagation modelling	-	-	Radiometeorology	3J/FAS/2	Fascicle concerning physical modelling for the conversion of rain rate statistics at different integration times	Yes
P.837	Characteristics of precipitation for propagation modelling	-	-	Radiometeorology	3J/FAS/3	Fascicle concerning the rainfall rate model given in Annex 1 to Recommendation ITU-R P.837	Yes
P.838	Specific attenuation model for rain for use in prediction methods	-	-	Radiometeorology	3J/FAS/9	Fascicle on rain specific attenuation	Yes
P.840	Attenuation due to clouds and fog	-	-	Radiometeorology	3J/FAS/6	Fascicle on statistical distributions of reduced integrated cloud liquid water and prediction of the associated attentuation (Recommendation ITU-R P.840-6)	Yes
P.1238	Propagation data and prediction methods for the planning of indoor radiocommunication systems and radio local area networks in the frequency range 300 MHz to 450 GHz	P.2406	Studies for short-path propagation data and models for terrestrial radiocommunication systems in the frequency range 6 GHz to 450 GHz	-	-	-	-
P.1240	ITU-R methods of basic MUF, operational MUF and ray-path prediction	P.2011	Propagation at frequencies above the basic MUF	-	-	-	-
P.1406	Propagation effects relating to terrestrial land mobile and broadcasting services in the VHF and UHF bands	P.239	Propagation statistics required for broadcasting services using the frequency range 30 to 1 000 MHz	-	-	-	-
P.1511	Topography for Earth-to-space propagation modelling	-	-	-	3J/FAS/8	Fascicle on topography for Earth-space paths in Recommendation ITU-R P.1511-2	Yes
P.1546	Method for point-to-area predictions for terrestrial services in the frequency range 30 MHz to 4 000 MHz	-	-	-	-	-	Yes
P.1623	Prediction method of fade dynamics on Earth-space paths	-	-	-	-	-	Yes
P.1812	A path-specific propagation prediction method for point-to-area terrestrial services in the VHF and UHF bands	-	-	-	-	-	Yes
P.1853	Time series synthesis of tropospheric impairments	-	-	-	3J/FAS/10	Background information on tropospheric attenuation time series synthesizer in Recommendation ITU-R P.1853	-
P.2108	Prediction of Clutter Loss	P.2402	A method to predict the statistics of clutter loss for earth-space and aeronautical paths	-	3K/FAS/1	Concerning Recommendation ITU-R P.2108 on clutter loss in the frequency range 30 MHz to 100 GHz - Description of the method for clutter loss measurement	-
P.2109	Prediction of Building Entry Loss	P.2346	Compilation of measurement data relating to building entry loss	-	-	-	-

Deprecated Data Products

These data products are maintained in the archives for historical reference purposes only

Rec.	Topic	Description	Content
P.368-9	Ground-wave propagation	Ground-wave propagation (GRWAVE)	Software
P.434-6	Maximum usable frequencies (MUFFY)	Maximum usable frequencies (MUFFY) (Rec. ITU-R P.434 suppressed on 24.10.97)	Software
P.434-6	WOM_HRM	Characteristics (WOM_HRM) (Rec. ITU-R P.434 suppressed on 24.10.97)	Data
P.530-14	Terrestrial prediction methods	Validation examples for Rec. ITU-R P.530	Validation examples
P.530-16	Radio Refractivity	Radio refractivity gradient, dN1 in the lowest (65 m) layer of the atmosphere for 1% of time, for use in Recommendation ITU-R P.530	Data
P.530-16	Terrain standard deviation	Terrain standard deviation parameter for Recommendation ITU-R P.530	Data
P.534-3	Propagation by sporadic-E	Calculating sporadic-E field strength	Software
P.618-11	Joint probability of attenuation	Complementary bivariate normal distribution	Software
P.618-12, P.840-6	Propagation losses	Dynamic Link Library (DLL) for calculation of propagation losses for Earth to space (or space to Earth) transmission links	Excel DLL
P.676-3	Atmospheric gaseous absorption	Atmospheric gaseous absorption	M-Script Software
P.835-6	Atmospheric vertical profiles from 353 locations	Experimental Data of Atmospheric Vertical Profiles (Annex 2)	Data
P.838-1	Rain attenuation	Specific attenuation model for rain	C Software
P.1853-1	Rain attenuation	Generates rain attenuation time series	Software

Databank (Non-Authoritative/Informative) Products

These data products are provided "as is" without any warranty of any kind, either expressed, implied, not limited to, any warranty that these data products will conform to the associated recommendation, any implied warranties of merchantability, or fitness for a particular purpose.

Rec. No.	Rec. Title	Description
P.684	Prediction of field strength at frequencies below about 150 kHz	LF measurements
P.845	HF field-strength measurement	Measurements of HF field-strength measurements in Germany between 1969 and 1993 - Databank D2
P.1147	Prediction of sky-wave field strength at frequencies between about 150 and 1 700 kHz	LF-MF skywave measurements