Page 186 - ITU Journal Future and evolving technologies – Volume 2 (2021), Issue 2

ITU Journal on Future and Evolving Technologies, Volume 2 (2021), Issue 2

ȋƒȌ փ ΘЈ Ǥ ȋƒȌ փ φЈЈ ǡ ᇓ † ϩ Ǥ ੋ

ȋ„Ȍ փ φЈЈ Ǥ ȋ„Ȍ փ φЈЈ ǡ ᇓ † φЈ Ǥ ੋ

‹‰Ǥ Ͷ Ȃ ‘’ƒ”‹•‘ ‘ˆ ƒ† ͵ ƒǦ Šƒ‡Ž ‘†‡Ž ȏͶͳȐ ˆ‘” ‹‰Ǥ ͷ Ȃ ’ƒ – ‘ˆ ƒ† ƒ–‡ƒ •‹†‡ Ž‘„‡• ‘ –Š‡ Ǧ„ƒ•‡† ’ƒ–ŠǦŽ‘••
ੋ
†‹ˆˆ‡”‡– Š‡‹‰Š–• ‘•‹†‡”‹‰ –Š‡ ƒ–‡ƒ ”ƒ†‹ƒ–‹‘ ’ƒ––‡” ƒ† ‘†‡Ž ˆ‘” փ φЈЈ Ǥ ȋƒȌ ᇓ † ϩ ƒ† ȋ„Ȍ ᇓ † φЈ Ǥ ੋ
ᇓ † ϩ Ǥ ȋƒȌ փ ΘЈ  ƒ† ȋ„Ȍ փ φЈЈ Ǥ
ੋ

͵Ǥͷ ˜‡”˜‹‡™ ‘ˆ ‡
The relevant results for h UAV = 100 m
a”‡ •Š‘™ ‹ ‹‰Ǥ ͷȋƒȌǡ ˆ”‘ ™Š‹ Š ™‡ ‘ Ž—†‡ –Šƒ– –Š‡
‘ ‹–‹‰ƒ–‡ –Š‡ ‹–‡”ˆ‡”‡ ‡ ’”‘„Ž‡• ƒ—•‡† „› –Š‡ ‡š–”ƒ
’ƒ–ŠǦŽ‘•• ‘†‡Ž ‘‹ ‹†‡• ™‹–Š –Š‡ •‹†‡ Ž‘„‡• ™Š‡ •‡– ‘ˆ ƒ–‡ƒ•ǡ ™‡ ‘•‹†‡” ‡ –‡ Š‹“—‡• ™Š‹ Š Šƒ˜‡
–Š‡ ‹• Ž‘•‡ –‘ –Š‡ Ǥ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ ƒˆ–‡” ƒ †‹•–ƒ ‡ ‘ˆ „‡‡ •’‡ ‹ϐ‹‡† ‹ ‡Ž‡ƒ•‡ǦͳͲ ‘ˆ ͵ ȏͶ͹ȐǤ Š‡ –‹‡Ǧ
ǡ –Š‡ •–ƒ”–• –‘ ’”‘˜‹†‡ Š‹‰Š ’‘™‡” –Š”‘—‰Š –Š‡ †‘ƒ‹ ‡ –‡ Š‹“—‡ ’”‘˜‹†‡• ƒ ‹–‡”ˆ‡”‡ ‡ ‘‘”†‹Ǧ

ƒ‹ Ž‘„‡ ™Š‹ Š ‡˜‡ ‘’‡•ƒ–‡• –Š‡ ƒ–‡ƒǯ• ƒ–‹‘ ‡–Š‘† „ƒ•‡† ‘ –Š‡ •—„ˆ”ƒ‡ „Žƒ‹‰ǡ ‘™

•‹†‡ǦŽ‘„‡ —ŽŽ ƒ– Ǥ ˜‡”ƒŽŽǡ –Š‡ ‡‡’• †‘‹ƒ–‹‰ ƒ• ƒŽ‘•– „Žƒ •—„ˆ”ƒ‡ ȋ Ȍ –Šƒ– †‘‡• ‘– •‡† ƒ›
–Š‡ •‹‰ƒŽ ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ƒ‰Ž‡• –‹ŽŽ ƒ„‘—– Ǥ ‡ ƒŽ•‘
•–—†› –Š‡ ‹’ƒ – ‘ˆ ˆ‘” Š‹‰Š‡” ƒ‰Ž‡• ‹ ‹‰Ǥ ͷȋ„ȌǤ –”ƒˆϐ‹ Šƒ‡Ž• ƒ† •‡†• ‘•–Ž› ‘–”‘Ž Šƒ‡Ž• ™‹–Š
‘” ƒ ƒ‰Ž‡ ‘ˆ ǡ •–ƒ”–• †‘‹ƒ–‹‰ –Š‡ •‹‰ƒŽ ˜‡”› Ž‘™ ’‘™‡”Ǥ  ‘—” ’”‘’‘•‡† ‹–‡”ˆ‡”‡ ‡ ‹–‹‰ƒǦ
ੋ

’‘™‡” ˆ”‘ ƒ„‘—–  ƒ† ƒ ƒ – ƒ• –Š‡ †‘‹ƒ– –‹‘ ‡–Š‘†ǡ –Š‡ †‘™Ǧ–‹Ž–‡† ƒ–‡ƒ• ™‹ŽŽ ‘– –”ƒ•‹–
•‘—” ‡ ‘ˆ ‹–‡”ˆ‡”‡ ‡ ˆ‘” ƒ •‹–—ƒ–‡† ƒ– ƒ †‹•–ƒ ‡ ‘ˆ †ƒ–ƒ ™Š‹Ž‡ ƒŽŽ‘™‹‰ –Š‡ —’Ǧ–‹Ž–‡† ƒ–‡ƒ• –‘ •‡”˜‡ •
‡–‡”•Ǥ •—ˆˆ‡”‹‰ ˆ”‘ Š‹‰Š ‹–‡”ˆ‡”‡ ‡ †—”‹‰ ƒ Ǥ ”ƒ•Ǧ
‹••‹‘• ˆ”‘ –Š‡ †‘™Ǧ–‹Ž–‡† ƒ–‡ƒ• ƒ”‡ ’‡”‹‘†‹ ƒŽŽ›
—–‡† †—”‹‰ –Š‡ ‡–‹”‡ ˆ”ƒ‡ †—”ƒ–‹‘Ǥ Š‡ —’Ǧ–‹Ž–‡† ƒǦ
–‡ƒ• ƒ •‡† –Š‡‹” †ƒ–ƒ †—”‹‰ •— Š ƒ ƒ† ƒ˜‘‹†
”‘ –Š‡ ƒ„‘˜‡ †‹• —••‹‘ǡ ™‡ ƒ ‘ Ž—†‡ –Šƒ– –Š‡
‹–‡”ˆ‡”‡ ‡Ǥ ‘–‡ –Šƒ– ‡”–ƒ‹ ‘–”‘Ž •‹‰ƒŽ• ƒ”‡ •–‹ŽŽ ”‡Ǧ
†‘™Ǧ–‹Ž–‡† ƒ–‡ƒ• ƒ ”‡ƒ–‡ •‹‰‹ϐ‹ ƒ– ‹–‡”ˆ‡”‡ ‡

–‘™ƒ”†• –Š‡ ˆƒ” • „› Ǥ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ ‘–Š‡” –Šƒ •‘‡ “—‹”‡† –‘ „‡ –”ƒ•‹––‡† ‡˜‡ ‹ –Š‡ —–‡† •—„ˆ”ƒ‡• –‘
™‘”•ǡ –Š‡ ‹’ƒ – ‘ˆ ‹• ‘– ‘•‹†‡”‡† ‹ –Š‡ Ž‹–‡”ƒ–—”‡Ǥ ƒ˜‘‹† ”ƒ†‹‘ Ž‹ ˆƒ‹Ž—”‡ ȏͶͺȐǤ
’ƒ”– ˆ”‘ –Š‹•ǡ –Š‡ —’Ǧ–‹Ž–‡† ƒ–‡ƒ• ƒ ƒŽ•‘ ”‡ƒ–‡ Š‡ ˆ”ƒ‡ •–”— –—”‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡ ‹• •Š‘™ ‹ ‹‰Ǥ ͸Ǥ —Ǧ
•–”‘‰ ‹–‡”ˆ‡”‡ ‡Ǥ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ ™‡ ƒ ‹–‹‰ƒ–‡ –Š‡ ‹–‡”Ǧ ”‹‰ –Š‡ — ‘‘”†‹ƒ–‡† •—„ˆ”ƒ‡• ȋ •Ȍǡ –Š‡ †‘™Ǧ–‹Ž–‡†
ˆ‡”‡ ‡ ˆ”‘ –Š‡ —’Ǧ–‹Ž–‡† ƒ–‡ƒ• „› –—‹‰ –Š‡ ƒǦ ƒ–‡ƒ• –”ƒ•‹– †ƒ–ƒ ƒ† ‘–”‘Ž •‹‰ƒŽ• ƒ– ˆ—ŽŽ ’‘™‡”
‰Ž‡• ’”‘’‡”Ž› ȏͳʹȐǤ ‡ ‡ǡ –‘ ‹ ”‡ƒ•‡ –Š‡ ”‡Ž‹ƒ„‹Ž‹–› ‘ˆ –Š‡
ԅ ™Š‹Ž‡ †—”‹‰ –Š‡ ‘‘”†‹ƒ–‡† •—„ˆ”ƒ‡• ȋ •Ȍǡ –Š‡›
‡ŽŽ—Žƒ”Ǧ ‘‡ –‡† •ǡ ™‡ ‘•‹†‡” –Š‡ ‡ ‡–Š‘† –‘ ”‡ƒ‹ —–‡†Ǥ ‡ †‡ϐ‹‡ ᅬ ƒ• –Š‡ †—–› › Ž‡ ‘ˆ •
”‡†— ‡ –Š‡ ‹–‡”ˆ‡”‡ ‡ ˆ”‘ –Š‡ †‘™Ǧ–‹Ž–‡† ƒ–‡ƒ•Ǥ
172 © International Telecommunication Union, 2021