Title
Directional antenna channel modelling in urban area using ray tracing
Abstract
Directional antennas are regarded as one of the key technologies to achieve higher signal quality and data rate. Evidence has shown that the directional antenna channel features can be very different from the omnidirectional ones. Therefore, it is essential to characterize the directional antenna channel model (DACM), since an accurate, easy-to-implement DACM plays a vital role in the wireless network design, optimization and utilization. In this paper, we cluster the incident rays based on the azimuth direction of arrival at the receiver and extract the features concerning the number of clusters, the distribution of the cluster center and the cluster power ratio. The proposed DACM is derived by the ray tracing method and is feasible for a typical urban scenario within a range of a few hundred meters. Moreover, our proposed model is verified by both ray tracing and numerical simulations. In this paper, we present the model derivation methodology, recommend the model parameters and offer an implementation guideline.
Keywords
Directional channel modeling, direction of arrival, multipath clustering, radio propagation, ray tracing
Authors
Zhuyin Li
RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
Ms Zhuyin Li received her B.Eng. degree in Telecommunications Engineering from Xiamen University, Fujian, China in 2011. She won the scholarship of the department twice during her undergraduate study. After she has got her B.Eng. degree, she joined the wireless network industry in Shenzhen, China. She is currently a PhD candidate in the Department of Electronics & Telecommunications Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia. She worked as a short-term visiting research student in the Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Information Engineering of University of Bologna, Italy in 2018 and 2019 respectively. She is now on the RTP stipend scholarship funded by the Australia Government and the school-based stipend scholarship by the university. Her research interests include wireless channel modelling, directional channel propagation, blind localization and localization with directional antennas.
Sithamparanathan Kandeepan
RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
Professor Kandeepan Sithamparanathan is currently the Discipline Leader for Telecommunications & Photonics in the School of Engineering at the RMIT University. His areas of expertise include communication engineering, signal processing and networks applied in wireless, satellite and mobile systems. He has extensive experience in working with the industry for bringing research to practice as well as conducting fundamental research. Currently he works on several research projects such as; with the Defence Science Technology (DST) on intelligent spectrum management for a Defence-CRC project, with Bosch Australia for adopting 5G & IoT capabilities in automobile systems, and with several VIC based City Councils for experimenting and deploying IoT networks systems in the state of VIC-Australia. His current areas of interest are in 5G/6G wireless communications, satellite-aerial terrestrial communication systems, cognitive (satellite) radios, and IoT communications. He has authored a scholarly book on Cognitive Radio Techniques: Spectrum Sensing, Interference Mitigation and Localization, published by Artech House (New York) in 2012, and has published over 135 peer reviewed scientific journals and conference papers. Prof Sithamparanathan currently engages with the ITU as an academic member, was the Chair of IEEE Comsoc VIC chapter, was the Vice Chair of the IEEE Tech Committee on Cognitive Networks, and had received the RMIT Research Excellence Award in 2019 for his research work with the industry.
Andrea Giorgetti
DEI University of Bologna, Italy
Andrea Giorgetti received the Dr. Ing. degree (summa cum laude) in electronic engineering and the Ph.D. degree in electronic engineering and computer science from the University of Bologna, Italy, in 1999 and 2003, respectively. From 2003 to 2005, he was a Researcher with the National Research Council, Italy. He joined the Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Information Engineering “Guglielmo Marconi,” University of Bologna, as an Assistant Professor in 2006 and was promoted to Associate Professor in 2014. In spring 2006, he was with the Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems (LIDS), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA. Since then, he has been a frequent visitor to the Wireless Information and Network Sciences Laboratory at the MIT, where he presently holds the Research Affiliate appointment. His research interests include ultrawide bandwidth communication systems, active and passive localization, wireless sensor networks, and cognitive radio. He has co-authored the book Cognitive Radio Techniques: Spectrum Sensing, Interference Mitigation, and Localization (Artech House, 2012). He was the Technical Program Co-Chair of several symposia at the IEEE Int. Conf. on Commun. (ICC), and IEEE Global Commun. Conf. (Globecom). He has been an Editor for the IEEE COMMUNICATIONS LETTERS and for the IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS. He has been elected Chair of the IEEE Communications Society’s Radio Communications Technical Committee (2017-2018).
Akram Al-Hourani
RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
Dr Akram Al-Hourani (PhD, BEng, MBA, SMIEE, CPEng) is a Senior Lecturer and the Program Manager for the Master of Engineering (Telecommunication and Networks) at the School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia. Dr Al-Hourani completed the Ph.D. degree in 2016 from RMIT University. He published more than 43 journal articles and conference proceedings, including 3 book chapters. He has extensive industry / government engagement as a chief investigator in multiple research projects related to The Internet-of-Things, Smart Cities, Satellite / Wireless Communications. Prior his academic career, Dr Al-Hourani had extensively worked in the ICT industry sector as an R&D engineer, radio network planning engineer and then as an ICT program manager for several projects spanning over different technologies; including mobile networks deployment, satellite networks, and railway ICT systems. He is serving as a guest editor for MDPI Remote Sensing journal on the topic of Satellite Communication. His current research interests include UAV communication systems, automotive and mmWave radars, energy efficiency in wireless networks, and the Internet-of-Things over satellite.
Kagiso Magowe
RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
Kagiso Magowe (S’10–M’18) received the B.Eng. (Hons.) and M.Eng. degrees in telecommunications engineering from the University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia, in 2010 and 2012, respectively, and the Ph.D. degree in electronics and telecommunications engineering from RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia, in 2017, where he is currently a Research Fellow with the School of Engineering. His research interests include communication theory, information theory, statistical signal processing, application of linear algebra, cognitive radios, and localization. He was a recipient of the Codan Achievement Prize in Telecommunications from Codan Ltd., in 2009, the University President Scholarship from the University of South Australia, in 2010, and the Australian Postgraduate Award funded by the Australian Government from RMIT University in 2014.
