Page 133 - Trust in ICT 2017

Trust in ICT 2

education, health, and public safety is investigated. In order to encourage the sharing of knowledge, a
knowledge platform may focus on the value-added objectives such as the improved
performance, competitive advantage, innovation, the sharing of lessons learned, integration and continuous
improvement of human society.

Impacts of cloud computing platform

Cloud computing is to share computing resources. Cloud computing and storage provide users and
enterprises to store and process their data. It relies on sharing of resources to achieve coherence
and economies of scale and maximize the effectiveness of the shared resources. Cloud resources are not only
shared by multiple users but are also dynamically reallocated per demand. The key technology for cloud
computing is virtualization. Virtualization separates a physical device into one or more "virtual" devices, each
of which can be easily used and managed to perform tasks. The key benefits of cloud computing is to increase
utilization, efficiency, and productivity when multiple users can work on the same data simultaneously
without suffering peak loads, rather than waiting for it to be saved, transferred, and e-mailed. With concepts
of service-oriented architecture as "everything as a service" (XaaS), cloud computing providers offer their
"services" which happen to form a stack: software-, platform-, and infrastructure as a service (SaaS, PaaS,
and IaaS, respectively).

In the evolution of technologies and paradigms toward the knowledge society, cloud computing allows users
to share data for specific applications, allows open source software, and gets new opportunities for the
connected business among a large group of people, and creates deep knowledge collectively. To reshape the
sharing concepts among people and communities, the cloud computing platform is very useful to extract
information and knowledge from raw data.

Cloud computing has the ability to develop and design new applications through human knowledge and
awareness. It provides a knowledge-based approach for end users to create new values. User's knowledge is
stored in the cloud and is accessible everywhere. The essential characteristics of cloud computing are
summarized as:
– On-demand self-service: Computing capabilities, such as server time, networked storage, and
communication and collaboration services, are being provided automatically without requiring
human interaction.

– Seamless broad network access: It can be accessed by heterogeneous mobile phones, laptops, and
personal digital assistants (PDAs) anywhere and anytime. The seamless connectivity with high
availability as well as high bandwidth is critical in the cloud computing environments. From the
customer's point of view, users are reluctant to use cloud computing platforms if there are service
disruptions or a stream of packet loss.

– Resource pooling: Physical and virtual resources are dynamically assigned according to user
demands.
– Rapid elasticity: The resources of cloud computing are rapidly and elastically provisioned, quickly
scaled out and scaled in.
– Measured service: Resource usages of cloud computing can be monitored, controlled, and reported.

From the viewpoint of multiple stakeholders, there are some benefits of cloud computing. From the
viewpoint of network providers, the cloud computing platform provides a rich set of communication services
such as voice and video calls, audio, video and web conferences, messaging, and unified communications,
which may be recently implemented by mashup applications with web technologies. From the perspectives
of service providers, cloud computing provides a lot of benefits as follows:
– Cost saving by virtualization of computing resources;

– Improvement of total cost of ownership and risk reduction, which is shifted from capital expense
(CapEx) to operational expense (OpEx) by sharing information technology (IT) resources;

– Highly scalable and flexible infrastructure;
– Efficiency and flexibility of resource management;

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