Page 99 - ITU Journal Future and evolving technologies – Volume 2 (2021), Issue 2

ITU Journal on Future and Evolving Technologies, Volume 2 (2021), Issue 2

ƒ„Ž‡ ͳ Ȃ ‘’ƒ”‹•‘ ‘ˆ ’”‘’‘•‡† ™‹–Š ‡š‹•–‹‰ ™‘”Ǥ
Žƒ ‡‡– †ƒ’–ƒ–‹‘
‘” ˜‹”‘‡– ‡ ‡–”ƒŽ‹œ‡† ›ƒ‹ ‹‰”ƒ–‹‘ ‘•–”ƒ‹–• „Œ‡ –‹˜‡•
ƒŽ‡Ǧ—’ ƒŽ‡Ǧ†‘™
ȏʹͻȐ Ȁ ‘
ȏͷ͹Ȑ –Š‡” Ȁ ǡ ‘
ȏͷͺȐ ‘
ȏͷͻȐ Ȁ ǡ ‘
ȏ͹Ȑ ǡ
ȏͳʹȐ ǡ ǡ ‘
ȏͳͶȐ ǡ ǡ ‘
ȏ͵͹Ȑ Ž‘—† ǡ ǡ ‘
ȏͶʹȐ
ȏ͸ͲȐ Ȁ ǡ ‘
ȏʹͳȐ Ȁ ǡ ‘
ȏ͵ͻȐ ǡ ǡ ǡ ‘
ȏͶͲȐ ǡ ‘
ȏͶͶȐ ǡ ǡ ǡ ǡ ‘
ȏͶͻȐ ǡ
ȏͷͳȐ †‰‡ ǡ ǡ ǡ ‘
ȏͷʹȐ ǡ ǡ ǡ ‘
ȏͷ͵Ȑ ǡ ǡ ǡ ‘
ȏͷͶȐ ǡ ǡ ‘
ȏͷͷȐ Ȁ ǡ ‘
ȏͷ͸Ȑ ǡ
ȏͶͳȐ ǡ
ȏͶ͵Ȑ ǡ
ȏͶͷȐ ǡ ‘ ǡ ‘
ȏͶ͸Ȑ ‘‰ ǡ ǡ ǡ ‘
ȏͶ͹Ȑ ǡ ‘
ȏͶͺȐ ǡ ‘
ȏͷͲȐ ǡ
ǡ ǡ ‘

‹ Ž—†‹‰ ϐ‹š‡† „—†‰‡–•ǡ ƒš‹— ‘•–ǡ ƒš‹— Ž—–‹‘ ™‹–Š ƒ†ƒ’–‹˜‡ ”‡Ž‘ ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‡†‡”‹‰ •‡”˜‹ ‡•
—„‡” ‘ˆ •‡”˜‡”•Ȁ”‡’Ž‹ ƒ•Ǥ ȋ˜‹ƒ ‹‰”ƒ–‹‘ǡ ”‡’Ž‹ ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ‘•‘Ž‹†ƒ–‹‘ȌǤ —”–Š‡”ǡ
‹– ƒ ‘™Ž‡†‰‡• „‘–Š —•‡” ƒ† ’”‘˜‹†‡”Ǧ ‡–”‹ ˆƒ –‘”•
Ȉ „Œ‡ –‹˜‡•ǣ ‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡–‹ƒ–‡ „‡–™‡‡ –Š‡ ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰ ƒŽ‘‰ ™‹–Š ’”‘š‹‹–› ’”‹ ‹’Ž‡• ˆ‘—† ‹ ‡ ‘•›•–‡•ǡ
‘–ƒ–‹‘•Ǥ ȋ Ȍ ‘•– ‹ Ž—†‹‰ ’”‘˜‹•‹‘ǡ †‡Ǧ –‘ ƒ Š‹‡˜‡ ƒ ‘’–‹‹œ‡† –”ƒ†‡Ǧ‘ˆˆ „‡–™‡‡ ‘ϐŽ‹ –‹‰ ‘„Ǧ
’Ž‘›‡–ǡ ‹‰”ƒ–‹‘ǡ ‡š‡ —–‹‘ǡ ‘” •–‘”ƒ‰‡ ‘•– Œ‡ –‹˜‡• –Šƒ– ”‡Žƒ–‡ –‘ ‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ —•‡”• ‘ –Š‡ ‘‡ Šƒ† ƒ†
‹‹‹œƒ–‹‘ǡ ’”‘ϐ‹– ƒš‹‹œƒ–‹‘ǡ ‘” ”‡•‘—” ‡ ‘•–Ǧ‡ˆϐ‹ ‹‡ › ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’”‘˜‹†‡” ‘ –Š‡ ‘–Š‡” Šƒ†Ǥ
ˆ‡‡Ȁ™ƒ•–ƒ‰‡ ‹‹‹œƒ–‹‘Ǣ ȋ Ȍ Ž‘ƒ† „ƒŽƒ ‹‰Ǣ
ȋ Ȍ ‡‡”‰› ‘•—’–‹‘ ‹‹‹œƒ–‹‘Ǣ ȋ ‘ Ȍ ͵Ǥ
—ƒŽ‹–›Ǧ‘ˆǦ š’‡”‹‡ ‡ ƒš‹‹œƒ–‹‘ ‘ ‡”‹‰
—•‡”ǡ ƒ’’ ‘” ‰ƒ‡Ǧ ‡–”‹ ’”‡ˆ‡”‡ ‡•Ǣ ƒ† ȋ ‘ Ȍ Š‡ ƒ” Š‹–‡ –—”‡ „‡Š‹† –Š‡ ‘•‹†‡”‡† Ž‘—†Ȁˆ‘‰ ‹‡”Ǧ
—ƒŽ‹–›Ǧ‘ˆǦ ‡”˜‹ ‡ ƒš‹‹œƒ–‹‘ ‹ Ž—†‹‰ ƒ ‡••‹Ǧ •‹˜‡ —Ž–‹‡†‹ƒ •‡”˜‹ ‡ •›•–‡ ‹• •Š‘™ ƒ•‡† ‹ ‹‰Ǥ ͳǤ –
„‹Ž‹–›Ȁƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„‹Ž‹–›ǡ •› Š”‘‹œƒ–‹‘Ȁ ‘•‹•–‡ › ƒ† ‹• ‘’”‹•‡† ‘ˆ –Š”‡‡ †‹•–‹ – Žƒ›‡”• ƒ• ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™•Ǥ
ˆƒ‹”‡•• ‘ˆ •‡”˜‹ ‡•ǡ ”‘—–‹‰ ‘’–‹‹œƒ–‹‘ǡ ”‡•‹Ž‹‡ ‡ Š‡ –‘’ Žƒ›‡” ‹ ‹‰Ǥ ͳ ‘””‡•’‘†• –‘ –Š‡ Ž‘—† Žƒ›‡”Ǥ 
–‘ ˆƒ‹Ž—”‡ǡ ‘” „ƒ†™‹†–Š ‘˜‡”Š‡ƒ† ‹‹‹œƒ–‹‘Ǥ ‹‡”•‹˜‡ —Ž–‹‡†‹ƒ ƒ’’Ž‹ ƒ–‹‘•ǡ ‡Ǥ‰Ǥǡ ˜‹”–—ƒŽ ™‘”Ž†•ǡ
–Š‡ ˜‹”–—ƒŽ • ‡‡ ‘—Ž† ‘’”‹•‡ ƒ ˜ƒ•– ‘’‡ ™‘”Ž†Ǥ 
„˜‹‘—•Ž›ǡ –Š‡”‡ ‹• ƒ ’Ž‡–Š‘”ƒ ‘ˆ ‡ƒ”Ž‹‡” ™‘” ‹ Ž‘—†Ǧ‘Ž› ‘”†‡” –‘ ‘’‡•ƒ–‡ ˆ‘” –Š‡ ‹ ”‡ƒ•‡† •‡”˜‹ ‡ †‡ƒ†•
•›•–‡•Ǥ ‡ ‡–Ž›ǡ Š‘™‡˜‡”ǡ ƒ ‰”‘™‹‰ ‹–‡”‡•– ˆ‘” ‡ˆϐ‹Ǧ „› –Š‡ Š‹‰Š —„‡” ‘ˆ ‡‰ƒ‰‡† —•‡”• ƒ† ƒƒ‰‡ –Š‡
‹‡– •‡”˜‹ ‡ ’Žƒ ‡‡– ƒ– –Š‡ ƒ† ‡•’‡ ‹ƒŽŽ› –Š‡ ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡ ”‡•‘—” ‡• ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡Ž›ǡ †‹•–”‹„—–‡† ‘’—–‹‰ •‘Ǧ
Žƒ›‡”• ‹• ”‡’‘”–‡†Ǥ –‹ŽŽǡ –Š‡ ˜ƒ•– ƒŒ‘”‹–› ”‡ˆ‡”• –‘ ‡–”ƒŽǦ Ž—–‹‘• ƒ”‡ ˆ”‡“—‡–Ž› ƒ†‘’–‡†Ǥ ‘•‡“—‡–Ž›ǡ –Š‡ ‘”‡ ‘ˆ
‹œ‡† ƒ’’”‘ƒ Š‡•ǡ ™Š‹ Š ‹ —” Š‹‰Š ‘’—–ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ‘˜‡”Ǧ –Š‡ Ž‘—† Žƒ›‡” ‘•‹•–• ‘ˆ —Ž–‹‡†‹ƒ ‡‰‹‡ ‹•–ƒ ‡•ǡ
Š‡ƒ† ƒ† ƒ”‡ ‘– ‹†‡ƒŽ ˆ‘” –Š‡ ‡˜‡”Ǧ Šƒ‰‹‰ ‘†‹–‹‘• –Šƒ– ƒ”‡ ‰‡‘‰”ƒ’Š‹ ƒŽŽ› †‹•’‡”•‡† ƒ† Š‘•–‡† ‹ ˜ƒ”‹‘—•
‘ˆ —Ž–‹‡†‹ƒ Ž‘—† ‘’—–‹‰ •›•–‡• •‹ ‡ –Š‡› †‘ ‘– ”‡‰‹‘•ǡ ‹ ‘”†‡” –‘ ’”‘˜‹†‡ –Š‡ —•‡”• ™‹–Š Š‹‰ŠǦ‡† —ŽǦ
• ƒŽ‡ ‡ƒ•‹Ž›Ǥ Š‡ ’”‘’‘•‡† ƒ‹• ƒ– ϐ‹ŽŽ‹‰ –Š‹• Ž‹–Ǧ –‹‡†‹ƒ ƒ’’Ž‹ ƒ–‹‘• ƒ† ˜‹”–—ƒŽ ™‘”Ž† •–ƒ–‡ —’†ƒ–‡•Ǥ Ǧ
‡”ƒ–—”‡ ‰ƒ’ ™‹–Š ƒ ’Žƒ ‡‡– •‘Ž—–‹‘ –Šƒ– ‹• „‘–Š ϐŽ‡š‹Ǧ –—ƒŽŽ›ǡ –Š‡ —Ž–‹‡†‹ƒ ‡‰‹‡• ƒ› „‡ ‡˜‡ ˆ—”–Š‡” †‹Ǧ
„Ž‡ ƒ† †›ƒ‹ ǡ „› ‘ˆˆ‡”‹‰ ƒ ‘’Ž‡–‡Ž› †‹•–”‹„—–‡† •‘Ǧ ˜‹†‡† ‹–‘ —Ž–‹’Ž‡ •ǡ „ƒŽƒ ‹‰ –Š‡ ‘’—–‹‰ –ƒ••

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