Page 37 - ITU KALEIDOSCOPE, ATLANTA 2019

EXPLORATION OF NON-INTRUSIVE OPTICAL INTERVENTION THERAPY
BASED ON THE INDOOR SMART LIGHTING FACILITY

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Jian Song , Xiaofei Wang , Hongming Zhang and Changyong Pan
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1 Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China

ABSTRACT development of electric light sources. Current statistics show
that 25% of the world's electricity was depleted by lighting
Light, originally the natural light, is one of the important before LED was used as a source replacement. With the full
contributing factors to the creation of life on earth, the use of LED lamps, the electricity usage for lighting could
evolution of human beings and the development of eventually be reduced to 4%, which would clearly change the
civilization. With the emergence of electric light sources, whole world profoundly. Dr. Suiji Nakamura and other
more specifically the LED lighting lamps which are now colleagues won the Nobel Prize in physics in 2014 precisely
being utilized all over the world, the concept of Internet of because of this century's contribution. In future, with people
light (IoL) using the existing LED illumination network with spending more and more time indoors (according to EPA
the combination of ICT technologies was created. It has statistics: people have an averaged indoor time of 87%),
become popular recently and is now widely believed to have approaching LED-based lighting networks will have a much
a long-lasting impact. IoL not only improves the lighting greater impact on people’s daily lives.
efficiency, indoor lighting comfort level and other value-
added services, but also provides the possibilities for The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2017 was
regulating human physiological rhythm, especially for the awarded to Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash and Michael W.
alleviation of degenerative neurological diseases, even for Young for their discoveries of molecular mechanisms
the treatment and service of healthy lighting in a non- controlling the circadian rhythm [1]. They found that for
intrusive way. This paper first introduces the concept and the higher organisms which are normally light-sensitive, the
system structure of IoL, and then gives the preliminary biological clock is a functional system consisting of
results and considerations on how this integrated platform photoreceptor neurons, endocrine systems and gene timing
can be utilized to carry the life sciences research and oscillations. This produces the rhythm of day and night
potentially the future applications for the wellness of senior replacement from the gene expression at microscopic level,
people. More work could be conducted and it would be quite cellular metabolism, and to the macroscopic level behavior
necessary to take into consideration standardization from description. This research has made neuroscientists start to
the perspectives of communication, Internet of things pay close attention to the impact of visible light on living
applications, and non-intrusive optical intervention therapy. organisms.
Keywords – Alzheimer's disease, human physiological In 2018, Edward S. Boyden and Li-Huei Tsai showed that
rhythm, Internet of light, LED, non-intrusive optical optogenetically driving fast-spiking parvalbumin-positive
intervention therapy (FS-PV)-interneurons at gamma (40 Hz) can reduce levels of
amyloid-β (Aβ)1–40 and Aβ 1–42 isoforms [2].They
1. INTRODUCTION designed a non-invasive 40 Hz light-flickering regime that
successfully reduced levels of Aβ1–40 and Aβ1–42 in the
The artificial light source is perhaps one of the most visual cortex of pre-depositing mice and mitigated plaque
important inventions for human beings. Since it is not always load in aged, depositing mice to attenuate Alzheimer’s-
possible to enjoy the natural light day and night, human disease-associated pathology [3][4].
beings started to explore artificial light sources, and the
electric light source is an important outcome from this effort. On the other hand, LED lamps based on semiconductor
Thomas Edison first invented the incandescent lamp, lighting are becoming more and more popular in the world
marketed on a large scale in 1879, which is taken as the first due to their low cost, high luminous efficiency and long-life
leap in the development of electric light source. In 1938, the expectancy. Unlike the incandescent lamps or other light
birth of the fluorescent lamp (low pressure gas discharge sources in the past, one can easily adjust the intensity and
lamp) made the electric light source achieve its second giant color temperature of LED lights to accommodate people’s
leap. Later, in 1993, the famous blue-light LED technology, needs. Preliminary research results show that it could
invented by Dr. Suiji Nakamura, and successfully promoted potentially provide a new type of non-intrusive treatment by
to commercialization of the LED lighting source is changing the intensity and color temperature for the indoor
considered as the third great leap in the history of the lighting environment. At present, the problem of an aging

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