Page 141 - Trust in ICT 2017
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Trust in ICT                                                2


            As  in  science  and  engineering,  media  technology  is  to  create  cost-effective  solutions  to  help  human
            intelligence  by  applying  various  scientific  knowledge  such  as  electronics,  telecommunication,  computer
            science, mathematics, physics, material science, human-machine interaction, cognitive science, perception
            psychology,  sociology,  and  economics,  etc.  However,  today's  media  technologies  are  mainly  built  on
            electronic and computer systems, which are called digital media or multimedia. Digital media is stored in
            compact disk – read-only memory (CD-ROMs), hard disks, and flash memory. Digital cameras and video
            recorders are used to capture photos and record real scenes.

            Online newspapers
            An online  newspaper is  the online version  of  a newspaper,  either  as  a  stand-alone  publication  or  as  the
            online  version  of  a  printed periodical.  Online  newspapers  such  as  those  competing  with broadcast
            journalism can present breaking news in a timelier manner. The credibility and strong brand recognition of
            well-established newspapers are also seen by the newspaper industry as strengthening their chances of
            survival. No printing process can help decrease costs.

            Online newspapers are more or less like hard-copy newspapers and have the same legal boundaries, such as
            laws regarding libel, privacy and copyright. A blog or a wiki is nevertheless not clear to the public. News
            reporters are being taught to shoot videos and to write the Internet news pages. They attempt to write
            stories for both print and online publications.
            Wiki (as a kind of social media)

            A wiki is a website which allows collaborative modification of its content and structure directly from the web
            browser.  "Wiki"  is  a  Hawaiian  word  meaning  "quick".  Wikipedia is  by  far  the  most  popular  wiki-based
            website, and is in fact one of the most widely-viewed sites of the world. In a typical wiki, text is written using
            a simplified markup language, running on wiki software. There are at least tens of thousands of other wikis
            in use, both public and private, including wiki functions as knowledge management resources, notetaking
            tools,  community  websites  and  intranets.  Some  wiki  engines  are  open  source,  whereas  others  are
            proprietary. Some permit control over different functions (levels of access), for example, editing rights may
            permit changing, adding or removing materials. Others may permit access without enforcing access control.
            Other rules may also be imposed to organize contents. Ward Cunningham, the developer of the first wiki
            software, WikiWikiWeb, originally described it as "the simplest online database that could possibly work."
            [29]
            The essence of the wiki concept is as follows:
            –       "A wiki invites all users to edit any page or to create new pages within the wiki Web site, using only
                    a plain-vanilla Web browser without any extra add-ons.
            –       "Wiki promotes meaningful topic associations between different pages by making page link creation
                    almost intuitively easy and showing whether an intended target page exists or not.
            –       A wiki is not a carefully crafted site for casual visitors. Instead, it seeks to involve the visitor in an
                    ongoing process of creation and collaboration that constantly changes the website landscape."
            "A wiki enables communities to write documents collaboratively, using a simple markup language and a web
            browser." A single page in a wiki website is referred to as a "wiki page" which is usually well interconnected
            by hyperlinks. "A wiki is essentially a database for creating, browsing, and searching through information." A
            wiki allows evolving, complex, and networked texts with argument and interaction. A characteristic of wiki
            technology is the ease to find which pages can be created and updated. Generally, there is no review before
            modifications are accepted. "Many wikis are open to alteration by the public without requiring registration
            of user accounts. Many edits can be made in real-time and appear almost instantly online. However, this
            feature facilitates abuse of the system. Private wiki servers require user authentication to edit pages, and
            sometimes even to read them."










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