Page 140 - Trust in ICT 2017

2 Trust in ICT

mobile applications. With the rapid adoption of mobile devices, social media has a symbiotic relationship
with the mobile consumer.

Although there are several ways that new media may be described, Lev Manovich, in an introduction to "The
New Media Reader", defines New Media by using eight propositions [28]:
1 New media versus cyberculture – Cyberculture is the various social phenomena that are associated
with the Internet and network communications (blogs, online multi-player gaming), whereas new
media is concerned more with cultural objects and paradigms.
2 New media as computer technology – New Media are the cultural objects which use digital
computer technology for distribution and exhibition, e.g. websites, computer multimedia, and Blu-
ray disks, etc.
3 New media as digital data controlled by software – New media is based on the assumption that all
cultural objects rely on digital representation and computer-based delivery. New media is the digital
data that can be manipulated by software. New media can create several versions of the same
object. As an example, an image stored as matrix form can be manipulated and altered according to
the additional algorithms implemented, such as colour inversion, grey-scaling, sharpening, and
rasterizing, etc.
4 New media as the mix between existing cultural conventions and software – New media can be
understood as the mix between older cultural conventions and newer conventions for data
representation, access, and manipulation. Software using computer animation can help
representations of visual reality and human experience.
5 New media as the aesthetics – If many aesthetic strategies may reappear, a much more
comprehensive analysis on new media would correlate the history of technology with social,
political, and economical histories.
6 New media as faster execution of algorithms – High performance computers can make many new
forms of media art such as interactive multimedia, 3D virtual reality, and video games.

7 New media as meta-media – New media is about new ways of accessing and manipulating
information (e.g. hypermedia, databases, search engines, etc.). Meta-media is an example of how
quantity can change into quality as in new media technology. The manipulation techniques can
recode modernist aesthetics into a very different postmodern aesthetics.
8 New media as parallel articulation of post art and modern computing – Post art or "combinatorics"
involves creating images by systematically changing a single parameter. This leads to the creation of
remarkably similar images and spatial structures. It means that algorithms as an essential part of
new media do not depend on technology, but can be executed by humans.

5.2 New technologies for social media

Media technologies
Media is to transport information that is meant for communication like newspapers, radio, and television. It
disseminates information to a large number of people, which is called mass media. However, to indicate the
means of human communication such as language, reading, writing or audio/video/music, there are
technologies and methods that support communication over distances in time and space. Media is physically
stored content (in the case of files) or transferred content (in the case of messages), audio/video/music, film,
photos or more generally of data. It is based on today's media, for example, newspapers, radio, TV, and
cinema, etc. Current media technologies are described as follows:
– Mobile media: the smartphone is rapidly advancing to be the new platform of mass media;
– e-paper: certainly replaces traditional newspapers and magazines;

– wearables: tomorrows clothes are a part of the new media;
– tangible interface: a new way to use your personal computer (PC) while reading, writing, and playing
games, etc.

– organic input/output (I/O): help human organs to see, hear, touch, and smell, etc.

132