Driving the Future: Opportunities and Challenges of Autonomous Vehicles


The Institute for AI International Governance of Tsinghua University, Globethics, Institute for Ethics in Artificial Intelligence (TUM)

Session 244

Friday, 11 July 2025 11:00–11:45 (UTC+02:00) Physical (on-site) and Virtual (remote) participation Room L, Palexpo Emerging Technologies Interactive Session

Autonomous driving technology has not only redefined modes of transportation, but also provided humanity with a brand-new digitalized living experience. As a brilliant fusion of artificial intelligence and the transportation sector, autonomous driving is heralding a revolutionary wave in global transportation systems. In this process, autonomous vehicles have evolved beyond mere transportation tools to become intelligent spaces integrating multimedia information interaction, serving as mobile nodes for data flow and information sharing.

This side-event, themed "Driving the Future: Opportunities and Challenges of Autonomous Vehicles", brings together representatives from academia, industry, international organizations, and independent bodies to jointly explore the developmental trajectory of autonomous driving technology, its industrialization challenges, and its profound significance in the blueprint of smart cities. The event aims to further promote the trusted and secure use of ICT technologies, represented by autonomous driving, by fostering broad consensus on the development, industrial application, and regulatory oversight of autonomous driving technology. It seeks to outline a feasible roadmap for industrial development and a regulatory framework for implementation, thereby advancing the informatization transformation and sustainable development of transportation and cities.

This event is closely aligned with WSIS Action Lines C5 (Building Confidence and Security in the Use of ICTs) and C6 (Enabling Environment). Specifically, the panel "The Future Path of Autonomous Driving: Opportunities & Challenges in Technological Development and Commercialization" corresponds to the actions outlined in WSIS Action Lines C5, paragraph 124. This panel will convene experts from the industry and technical fields to discuss feasible industrialization solutions for autonomous driving, further promoting the secure and trusted application of this technology. Meanwhile, the panel "The Global Landscape of Autonomous Driving Regulation: A Comparative Perspective from China, the US, and Europe" aligns with WSIS Action Lines C6, paragraph 163. This panel provides a platform for promoting dialogue and exchange on autonomous driving policies and regulations worldwide. Based on in-depth discussions, it supports the formulation and enhancement of policies and regulatory frameworks that align with the development trends of autonomous driving technology and industry, while fostering cross-regional and cross-sectoral regulatory cooperation.

Panellists
Prof. Lan Xue
Prof. Lan Xue Distinguished Professor and Dean Schwarzman College, Tsinghua University, China

Dr. Lan Xue is a Distinguished Professor and Dean at Schwarzman College Tsinghua University. His teaching and research interests include global governance, crisis management, and science, technology and innovation policy. From 2000 to 2018, he served as Associate Dean, Executive Associate Dean and Dean of the School of Public Policy and Management at Tsinghua University.  He also holds adjunct positions at Carnegie Mellon University and the Brookings Institution. Dr. Xue advises the State Council, chairs China's National Expert Committee on Next Generation AI governance, and is a member of the Standing Committee of the Chinese Association of Science and Technology. Internationally, he serves on the UN Sustainable Development Solution Network board, UN Committee of Experts on Public Administration, and UN Internet Governance Forum Leadership Panel. 

Dr. Xue is a recipient of Distinguished Young Scholar Award from National Natural Science Foundation of China, Cheung Kong Chair Distinguished Professor of the Ministry of Education, the Fudan Distinguished Contribution Award for Management Science, the Distinguished Contribution Award from Chinese Association for Science of Science and S&T Policy, and the Second National Award for Excellence in Innovation in China. He holds a PhD in Engineering and Public Policy from Carnegie Mellon University.


Prof. Yaqin Zhang
Dr. Yaqin Zhang Dean and Chair Professor The Institute for AI Industry Research (AIR), Tsinghua University, China

Dr. Ya-Qin Zhang is Chair Professor of AI Science at Tsinghua University, and Dean of Institute for AI Industry Research of Tsinghua University (AIR). He was the President of Baidu Inc. from 2014 to 2019. Prior to Baidu, Dr. Zhang was a Microsoft executive for 16 years with different key positions, including Managing Director of Microsoft Research Asia, Chairman of Microsoft China, and Corporate Vice President and Chairman of Microsoft Asia R&D.

Dr. Zhang was elected to the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE), the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (AAA&S), the Australian Academy of Technology and Engineering (ATSE), the National Academy of Inventors (NAI), and the Euro-Asia Academy of Sciences. He is a Fellow of IEEE and CAAI. He is one of the top scientists and technologists in digital video and AI, with over 500 papers, 60 granted US patents, and 11 books. His original research has become the basis for start-up ventures, new products, and international standards in digital video, cloud computing, and autonomous driving.

He serves on the Board of Directors of four public companies. He is on the industry board of United Nation Development Program (UNDP), and AI global council of the Davos World Economic Forum. He is the Chairman of world’s largest open autonomous driving platform “Apollo” alliance with over 200 global partners. He has been an active speaker in global forums including APEC, Davos, United Nations, and Bo’Ao Asia Forum.


Prof. Liang Zheng
Prof. Liang Zheng Professor and Vice Dean School of Public Policy and Management; Institute for AI International Governance, Tsinghua University, China

Dr. LIANG Zheng now serves as the Professor of the School of Public Policy and Management, Tsinghua University, as well as the research fellow and vice dean of Institute for AI International Governance of Tsinghua University (I-AIIG),the research fellow and deputy director of China Institute for Science&Technology Policy at Tsinghua University (CISTP).

Dr. Liang got his doctor’s degree of economics at Nankai University(2003) and accomplished the senior executive training program on leadership at Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University (2010). He had visited at MIT Industrial Performance Center (MIT IPC) as the Fulbright Visiting Research Scholar for one year (2012).

The main areas of his research now focus on Science, Technology and Innovation Policy,Globalization of R&D, IPRs and Standardization, Emerging Technology and Innovation Governanceetc.Besides academic publishing on peer review journals such as National Science Review,Journal of Informetrics, World Economy etc. Dr. Liangalso participated in some important research projects such as the Strategic Research for National Medium and Long Term Science and Technology Development Program(MLP) of China.He used to be the member of National Innovation Survey Expert Group (2014-2017), as well as the member of Sino-US Innovation Dialogue Expert Group (2015-2018).


Dr. Wallace S. Cheng
Dr. Wallace S. Cheng Head of Impact, Innovation and Development Globethics Foundation Moderator

Dr. Wallace S. Cheng is a leading expert in trade, the digital economy, and sustainability. He currently holds the position of Head of Impact, Innovation, and Development at Globethics, a globally renowned Swiss Foundation committed to advancing responsible leadership. Prior to assuming this role, he held esteemed positions within organizations such as the United Nations World Food Programme, the German Institute of Development and Sustainability, the International Center for Trade and Sustainable Development, and the Shanghai Development Research Center.

In addition to his impressive career, Wallace is recognized as an Asia Society 21 Young Leader and a Yale University World Fellow. He also serves as an Agenda Contributor at the World Economic Forum since 2015 and is a highly respected faculty member at the United Nations Institute of Training and Research. With his educational foundation in development economics from Fudan University and the University of Oxford, Dr. Cheng stands out as an accomplished scholar and practitioner.


Dr. Alexander Kriebitz
Dr. Alexander Kriebitz Lecturer Technical University of Munich, Germany

Alexander Kriebitz is a lecturer at Technical University of Munich, 80333 Munich, Germany. His research interests include artificial intelligence (AI) and human rights, AI ethics, and business ethics. Kriebitz received a Ph.D. He serves as the accountability criteria review lead of the IEEE CertifAIEd AI Ethics Program.

He is also a political scientist, who studies the overlap of international law, business ethics and international relations. His current project is a re-examination of literature on Business and Human Rights and the division of labor between states and companies in fulfilling human rights responsibilities. More generally, his research interests include the impact of artificial intelligence on human rights and the ethical conduct of technological and commercial exchange with authoritarian regimes.


Prof. Weixing Shen
Prof. Weixing Shen Professor of Law and Dean School of Law, Tsinghua University, China

Prof. Weixing Shen is currently a Professor of Law and Dean at Tsinghua University School of Law. He holds an LL.B. and LL.M. from Jilin University, a Ph.D. from the China University of Political Science and Law, and completed his postdoctoral research at Peking University. Internationally, he has been a visiting scholar at the Faculty of Law, University of Cologne (1999–2000), a senior visiting scholar at the University of Freiburg (2002), a Fulbright visiting scholar at Harvard Law School (January–October 2009), and an Alexander von Humboldt Fellow in Germany (2015–2016).

Domestically, Professor Shen has served at Tsinghua University since 2003, becoming a full professor in 2008 after previously working as an associate professor. Prior to that, he was a postdoctoral researcher at Peking University (2001–2003) and held academic positions at Jilin University from 1992 to 2001. He also holds leadership positions in several national academic organizations, including serving as Executive Council Member of the Civil Law Research Association of the China Law Society, and Vice President of the China Health Law Society, the China Legal Education Society, the China Cyber and Information Law Society, and the Property Law Research Association of the Beijing Law Society.

His research focuses on property law, contract law, tort law, and bioethics and health law. He has led several influential research projects, such as Study on the Theory of the Right of Expectation, Study on Reservation of Ownership and Reference, Modern Security System and Legislation on Property Rights in China, and Study on the Legal Problem of Human Organ Donation and Transplantation. His academic contributions have been widely recognized, earning honors such as the Second Prize at the 1997 Forum of Civil and Economics Law, the Best Research Prize from the China Law Society (2006), the Tsinghua University Young Scholar Award (2006), and the prestigious title of one of the “National Top Ten Outstanding Young Jurists” (2014). His work Study on the Theory of the Right of Expectation also received the Second Prize in the Tenth Beijing Philosophy and Social Science Excellence Achievement Award.


Dr. Vincent Vanhoucke
Dr. Vincent Vanhoucke Engineer Waymo

Vincent Vanhoucke is a Distinguished Engineer at Waymo. His research has spanned many areas of artificial intelligence and machine learning, from speech recognition to computer vision and robotics. His Udacity lecture series has introduced over 100,000 students to Deep Learning. He founded the Robotics research team, now part of Google DeepMind, and is President of the Robot Learning Foundation, which organizes the Conference on Robot Learning, now in its eighth year. He holds a doctorate from Stanford University and a diplôme d'ingénieur from the École Centrale Paris.


Ms. Helen K. Pan
Ms. Helen K. Pan General Manager & Board of Directors Baidu Apollo, China

Helen K. Pan, General Manager of Apollo Autonomous Driving USA, joined Baidu’s Intelligent Driving Group in 2017. Her responsibilities include developing autonomous driving technology and US site driverless HW&SW suite development from concept, to implementation, to manufacturing, and to fleet operations. Prior to joining Baidu, she held various technical and leadership roles in the fields of autonomous driving systems, satellite/UAV communication, 3/4/5G, and RF instrument development at Waymo, Google-X, Intel, and Keysight (Former Agilent/HP).  Her technology and products development interests include RF/microwave circuits and systems, wireless & mm-wave technology, and autonomous driving hardware and software system design, validation, and deployment.

Helen received her Master of Science degree in Electrical and Computer Engineering in 2001 from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Her graduate paper won the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society H. A. Wheeler Prize Paper Award. Helen holds 20 US/international patents, has 49 publications in various journals and international conferences, and has served as Technical Program Committee (TPC) member and section chairs for various IEEE conferences, and served on the board of directors of several companies.


Topics
5G Technology Artificial Intelligence Big Data Blockchain Capacity Building Cloud Computing Cultural Diversity Cybersecurity Digital Divide Digital Economy Digital Inclusion Digital Skills Digital Transformation Education Emerging Technologies Environment Ethics Global Digital Compact (GDC) Health Human Rights Infrastructure Machine Learning Smart Cities WSIS+20 Review
WSIS Action Lines
  • AL C1 logo C1. The role of governments and all stakeholders in the promotion of ICTs for development
  • AL C3 logo C3. Access to information and knowledge
  • AL C4 logo C4. Capacity building
  • AL C5 logo C5. Building confidence and security in use of ICTs
  • AL C6 logo C6. Enabling environment
  • AL C10 logo C10. Ethical dimensions of the Information Society
  • AL C11 logo C11. International and regional cooperation
Sustainable Development Goals
  • Goal 1 logo Goal 1: End poverty in all its forms everywhere
  • Goal 2 logo Goal 2: End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture
  • Goal 3 logo Goal 3: Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all
  • Goal 4 logo Goal 4: Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all
  • Goal 5 logo Goal 5: Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls
  • Goal 7 logo Goal 7: Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all
  • Goal 8 logo Goal 8: Promote inclusive and sustainable economic growth, employment and decent work for all
  • Goal 9 logo Goal 9: Build resilient infrastructure, promote sustainable industrialization and foster innovation
  • Goal 10 logo Goal 10: Reduce inequality within and among countries
  • Goal 11 logo Goal 11: Make cities inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable
  • Goal 12 logo Goal 12: Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns
  • Goal 13 logo Goal 13: Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts
  • Goal 14 logo Goal 14: Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources
  • Goal 16 logo Goal 16: Promote just, peaceful and inclusive societies
  • Goal 17 logo Goal 17: Revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development