| Work group:
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Q1/21 (Presentation Web page is available here)
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| Title:
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Multimedia system, service and application accessibility for digital inclusion
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| Description:
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1 Motivation
The capability to handle different information media and control actions varies within wide boundaries amongst users of telecommunication and multimedia services. The variation may come from age-related functional limitations, disabilities, or other natural causes. With the ageing populations in large parts of the world, many users will have sensory and motor limitations. It is important to meet this wide variety in capabilities in the original design of telecommunication services and systems, so that an increasing number of users can make use of the mainstream telecommunication services. Legislation in many countries is also beginning to follow the trend of requiring universal design, as defined by the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD), in all forms of communication services and devices, as well as Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Multimedia systems and services have great potential to provide valuable and accessible information in a way that the individual user can control, if care is taken from the beginning in universal design of these services and systems, making them accessible to as many users as possible.
Among different audiovisual media, television is the oldest and by so far the most popular one. With advent of electronic technologies, it is changing its role from a one-to-many broadcasting media to an interactive system. Using systems like WebTV or Hybrid TV, users can interact with both broadcasting program and webpages using TV. This interactive role also enhances TV's role to offer accessibility not only to people with different range of abilities but also to foreign language speakers, elderly people and users in situation impairment like inside moving vehicle. In addition, extended reality (XR), which includes augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR) and mixed reality (MR), and emerging technologies such as metaverse will augment the role of audiovisual media in everyday lives.
The accessibility activities in Study Group 21 and its predecessors have created the following documents:
- ITU-T V.18 for real time text telephony;
- ITU-T T.140 as the general presentation protocol for real time text conversation;
- ITU-T T.134 for real time text conversation in T.120 data conferencing environments;
- Annex G to ITU-T H.323 for real time text conversation in H.323 packet multimedia environment;
- Annex L to ITU-T H.324 for real time text conversation in low bit-rate multimedia applications;
- ITU-T F.703 - Multimedia conversation service description. Includes definitions of the accessible conversational services, i.e., total conversation;
- H-series Supplement 1 - Application profile - Sign language and lip-reading real-time conversation using low bit-rate video communication;
- ITU-T F.790 - Telecommunications accessibility guidelines for older persons and persons with disabilities;
- ITU-T F.791 - Accessibility terms and definitions;
- ITU-T H.702 - Accessibility profiles for IPTV systems;
- ITU-T F.930 - Multimedia relay services;
- ITU-T F.921 - Audio-based indoor and outdoor network navigation system for persons with vision impairment;
- ITU-T F.922 - Requirements of information service system for visually impaired persons;
- ITU-T Technical Paper FSTP-AM - Guidelines for accessible meetings;
- ITU-T Technical Paper FSTP-ACC-RemPart - Guidelines for supporting remote participation in meetings for all;
- ITU-T Technical Paper HSTP.ACC-UC - Use cases for inclusive media access services;
- ITU-T Technical Paper FSTP-TACL - Telecommunications accessibility checklist;
- ITU-T Technical Paper FSTP-WebVRI - Guidelines on Web-based remote sign language interpretation (VRI).
- ITU-T Technical Report TR.CUP - Concept of a common user profile format used to personalize audiovisual media
Complemented by a number of additions to other Recommendations, the total conversation concept was founded for conversation in video, text and voice as an accessible superset of video telephony, text telephony and voice telephony.
The task of this Question is to engage in standardization activities leading to services systems and applications that apply the universal design concept, in line with the UN CRPD, European Union Accessibility Directive and other national legislation of Member States.
This Question plans to investigate accessibility of audiovisual content for viewing and listening experiences with a wide range of delivery platforms, including extended reality (XR) (e.g., augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR) and mixed reality (MR)), immersive environments, virtual worlds, and metaverse.
Consideration should be given to services in new generation networks with fixed as well as mobile features.
The group also has a task to promote and enhance accessibility as a normal part of ITU work.
2 Study items
Study items to be considered include, but are not limited to:
- clauses on accessibility issues in relevant Recommendations, declaring how inclusive design is achieved, as requested by ITU Plenipotentiary Conference Resolution 175 (rev. Bucharest 2022) and by the UNCRPD and SDGs;
- support for wide performance limits in production, perception and control of each medium in communication services to allow for maximum usability in accordance with the principles of universal design. Specifically, study profiling of the latest video coding standards to fulfil sign language and lip-reading needs at very low bit rates and in error prone environments;
- study potential accessibility benefits offered by emerging technologies, such as immersive environments, virtual worlds, metaverse, artificial intelligence, independent living, home automation, communication between smart things (IoT), cloud-based service and smart homes;
- specification of interfaces on communication equipment to allow various forms of user interface equipment to be attached in order to enable session and device control and media handling by persons with varying capabilities and preferences;
NOTE - Examples of what the interfaces should support include: talking menus, keyboards, pointing devices, listening and viewing devices, Braille and voice call control, text conversation input and output;
- multimedia services including mechanisms for transformation between different media forms of the same content in order to adapt to the capabilities and preferences of end users. Such mechanisms may be automatic, for example text-to-speech, or performed by people, for example sign language interpretation and
- auto-translation requirements to enable accessibility to common languages, where applicable;
- requirements and mechanisms for user selectable media (such as captioning and sub-titles for various usage scenarios) and multi-platform common user profile formats to enable accessibility, including its production, storage, transport, presentation and logical linking;
- investigate accessibility of emerging input technologies applicable to multimedia content delivery, such as second screen and gesture recognition.
- specification of accessible services using wireless telecommunication technologies, and using wireless short-range technologies for provision of convenient accessible features on communications equipment;
- mechanisms for interworking with mono-media services in an accessible way (e.g. text telephony and voice telephony);
- maintenance of the total conversation concept, and its inclusion in any new multimedia conversation protocol;
- study the requirements on multimedia metadata from an accessibility point of view to encourage universal design in this field;
- study access to emergency services and early warning services by persons with disabilities and specific needs with a wide range of communication channels, e.g. text, sign language, and lip-reading supported speech, audio description, and braille;
- study mechanisms for disability-inclusive disaster risk reduction.
- propose a common taxonomy of use cases for accessible audiovisual media in content delivery systems.
- in collaboration with the IRG-AVA, investigating a common framework to offer accessibility across various media and delivery platforms.
- investigate accessibility of audiovisual delivery for content distribution networks.
- investigate challenges of providing accessibility services for audiovisual content in developing countries using different delivery platforms.
3 Tasks
Tasks include, but are not limited to:
- develop common user profile format addressing the needs of persons with accessibility restrictions, that could be utilized by different media and platforms;
- optimize positioning of visual accessibility features (like signing, closed captioning) in content distribution systems and related advanced services (e.g. XR/AR/VR/MR or metaverse);
- assist in the development of guidelines to improve accessibility and usability for emerging new devices such as head-mounted displays (HMD) supporting XR (e.g., AR, VR, MR), immersive environments, virtual worlds, and metaverse;
- develop auto-translation requirements for multilingual support using artificial intelligence, natural language processing, and other emerging technologies.
- contribute to the continued harmonization and maintenance of the real time text telephone service, for example when new technologies are specified for PSTN or IP transmission;
- develop guidance for implementers of interfaces between communication devices and user interface devices;
- develop Recommendations and guidelines to improve accessibility to audiovisual media, such as IPTV systems and streaming media;
- develop Recommendations and guidelines to improve accessibility of services using new emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence and metaverse;
- assist in the development of guidelines for procurement of accessible systems, services and devices;
- develop specification in support of total conversation for disabilities beyond the needs of the deaf;
- develop guidance for implementers of relay systems for deaf, hard of hearing and speech-impaired users;
- maintain the list of suitable accessibility terms and definitions;
- develop participation taxonomy of use cases for accessible audiovisual media in content delivery systems;
- develop roadmaps for audiovisual accessibility for content delivery in both developed and developing countries.
- create guidelines for the design of IP terminal devices and IP communication systems for the inclusion of accessibility features including text conversation, video and alerting, and maintain interoperability with legacy text telephones;
- coordination with other ITU-R, ITU-T and ITU-D study groups for fulfilment of accessibility requirements in their Recommendations;
- coordination with other SDOs for fulfilment of accessibility requirements in their specifications;
- coordinate with ITU IRG-AVA and ISO/IEC JTC1 SC35, taking into account relevant metaverse deliverables allocated to Study Group 21;
- continue to support the collaboration with ISO/IEC JTC1/SC35 on standards for ICT accessibility;
- promotion of total conversation defined in ITU-T F.703 as a mainstream service;
- promotion of the concept of universal design, as defined in the UNCRPD;
- promotion of SDGs;
- maintain the documents under the responsibility of the Question (including ITU-T F.790-series, V.18; FSTP-TACL, FSTP-AM, FSTP-ACC-RemPart, FSTP-ACC-UC);
- modification and/or extension of existing deliverables under ITU-T Study Group 21 responsibility to enable accessible systems (including ITU-T F.703 and H.702).
An up-to-date status of work under this Question is found in the SG21 work programme (https://itu.int/ITU-T/workprog/wp_search.aspx?sp=18&q=1/21).
4 Relationships
Recommendations:
- ITU-T F.700, G.722, G.722.2, G.729, G.769/Y.1242, G.799.1/Y.1451.1, H.300-series, H.248, H.264, H.265, H.17, H.700-series, V.150-series, T.140, Y.1901
Questions:
- All Questions of Study Group 21
Study groups:
- ITU-T SG12 on media quality
- ITU-T SG13 on future networks
- ITU-T SG15 on access networks, for inclusive design in communication services
- ITU-T SG17 on privacy, security and child online protection
- ITU-T SG20 on IoT and smart cities & communities
- ITU-R WP5A, SG6
- ITU-D SG1 on enabling inclusive communication, especially for persons with disabilities
- ITU-D SG2 on digital transformation and enabling technologies for e-services and applications, including e-health and e-education
Other ITU bodies:
- ITU-T JCA-AHF
- ITU-D special initiatives
Other bodies:
- ITU IRG-AVA
- IETF in general, and specifically the MMUSIC, WebRTC and AVT groups
- 3GPP and 3GPP2 for mobile accessibility inclusion and co-ordination of text telephony and total conversation related issues
- ETSI, particularly TC HF (Human Factors)
- ISO/IEC JTC1/SC35 on accessibility and user interfaces
- ISO/TC159/SC4 on accessibility (TBC)
- IEC TC100 on assisted living
- W3C on Web accessibility
- G3ict (Global Initiative for Inclusive ICTs)
- Internet Governance Forum
- WHO, WIPO and other United Nations specialized agencies
- Regional organizations such as the Asia Pacific Telecommunity, European Accessibility Resource Centre, AccesibleEU, Zero Project
- Disability organizations including the World Federation of the Deaf (WFD), World Blind Union (WBU), International Federation of Hard of Hearing People (IFHOH) and Disabled People's International (DPI)
WSIS Action Lines:
- C2, C3, C5, C6, C9, C11
Sustainable Development Goals:
- 9
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| Comment:
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Continuation of Q11/9 and Q26/16
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Rapporteur:
| Mr. | Avinash | AGARWAL |
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Associate rapporteur:
| Ms. | Anna | MATAMALA |
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