ITU-T Recommendations

Supplement 20 to ITU-T K-series Recommendations contains the measurement and full-wave computation results of radio frequency exposure from underground base stations (BSs), to evaluate the exposure from them.
Measurement and computation methods of human exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMFs) from fixed radio sources like mobile BSs have been standardized and published as ITU T K series Recommendations and IEC 62232. These also include methods prescribed in Japanese regulations and have been basically assumed to be applied to radio sources installed above ground.
Underground BSs for use in small cells of fourth generation (4G) mobile networks are installed underground to construct service areas above ground and also expected to be used for fifth generation (5G) mobile networks.