Page 63 - Reference framework for integrated management of an SSC - A U4SSC deliverable on city platforms

Figure 12: High-level access network taxonomy

Structured wiring
(UTP, STP, Fibre)
Wired network
Power Line

Capillary network RFID, Bluethooth,
UWB..

BLE (ZigBee, IEEE
Wireless
802.15.4x; LoRA)
802.11x (Wi-Fi)
Telecom infraestructure & services layer
802.16 (Wi-Max)
Copper Copper (POTS, ISDN,
(twisted pair) xDSL, xDSL2+)

Coaxial DOCSIS..
Wired access
Access & agregation
layer Fibre point to point
(Metro Ethernet)
Optical Fibre
Optical Fibre (FTTC/H,
Transport & Service GPON..)
Layer
GSM

Celular 3G,4G,5G

NBIoT, HxPA+
Wireless access
GEO, LEO
Satellite
(VSAT, …)

LPWAN (LoRaWan,
WSN
SigFox)

5.2 Connectivity Scenarios and Telecommunication Services

In this scenario of “Smart Cities and the Internet of Everything” in continuous technological
evolution, municipal managers face new and complex decisions to respond to poorly defined
demands that entail long-term investments and possible hidden costs of operation, administration
and maintenance.

The municipal communications network, understood as the set of municipal telecommunication
resources necessary for the performance of municipal functions, has been in many cases managed
in a siloed model. It is not unusual for a local corporation to have a heterogeneous network based

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