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IEEE 3079 provides a different perspective to QoE of XR. It [5] A. Perkis, C. Timmerer, S. Baraković, J. B. Husić, S.
focuses on improving VR user experience by providing Bech, S. Bosse, J. Botev, K. Brunnström, L. Cruz, K.
guidelines on reducing simulator sickness which is an D. Moor, A. de Polo Saibanti, W. Durnez, S. Egger-
undesirable effect experienced by some VR users. Lampl, U. Engelke, T. H. Falk, J. Gutiérrez, A.
Hameed, A. Hines, T. Kojic, D. Kukolj, E. Liotou, D.
Other existing publications on XR-related quality offer Milovanovic, S. Möller, N. Murray, B. Naderi, M.
guidance on network performance aspects (3GPP’s 5G Pereira, S. Perry, A. Pinheiro, A. Pinilla, A. Raake, S.
capacity study for XR (TR 38.838)), QoS assurance R. Agrawal, U. Reiter, R. Rodrigues, R. Schatz, P.
considerations (ITU-T Y.3109), cable network specific Schelkens, S. Schmidt, S. S. Sabet, A. Singla, L.
requirements to deliver VR services (ITU-T J.1631), and Skorin-Kapov, M. Suznjevic, S. Uhrig, S. Vlahović,
testing procedures for AR applications (ITU-T Q.4066). J.-N. Voigt-Antons and S. Zadtootaghaj,
“QUALINET white paper on definitions of
4. CONCLUSIONS immersive media experience (IMEx).” European
Network on Quality of Experience in Multimedia
In the recent past, immersive technologies and experiences Systems and Services, 14th QUALINET meeting
covered by the extensive reality umbrella term have (online), May 25, 2020.
experienced a rapid growth in interest and adoption. This
interest is reflected in the activities of standards developing [6] Recommendation ITU-R M.2083-0, “IMT Vision –
organizations, industry fora and consortia, and other Framework and overall objectives of the future
initiatives, aiming to provide guidance in this domain, foster development of IMT for 2020 and beyond,” 2015.
interoperability, and facilitate even greater XR adoption.
[7] M. Koziol, “The Metaverse Needs Standards, Too.”
In this paper, we have attempted to provide a snapshot of IEEE Spectrum, 31 August 2022.
these growing number of activities and their sponsoring https://spectrum.ieee.org/metaverse-standards-forum
organizations, broadly classifying the work in two categories:
(1) building capabilities for XR interoperability, and [8] ISO/IEC 18039, “Information technology –
(2) defining XR user experience requirements. Computer graphics, image processing and
environmental data representation – Mixed and
Looking ahead, we anticipate that the number of augmented reality (MAR) reference model,” 2019.
organizations involved, and their XR-related initiatives will
continue to increase, likely addressing technical (e.g. [9] IEEE 1589, “IEEE Standard for Augmented Reality
security, privacy) and non-technical areas (e.g. ethics) Learning Experience Models,” 2020.
outside these two categories.
[10] Technical Report ITU-T GSTR-5GQoE, “Quality of
Regular surveys of the XR standards landscape can increase experience (QoE) requirements for real-time
awareness and inform coordination and collaboration efforts, multimedia services over 5G networks,” 2022.
benefitting manufacturers, service providers and consumers.
[11] V. K. M. Vadakital, A. Dziembowski, G. Lafruit, F.
REFERENCES Thudor, G. Lee, and P. R. Alface, “The MPEG
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[1] Recommendation ITU-T P.1320, “Quality of Future Outlook.” IEEE MultiMedia, vol. 29, no. 3,
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[12] M. Montagud, P. Orero, and S. Fernández,
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[3] Introducing Meta: A Social Technology Company.
https://about.fb.com/news/2021/10/facebook-
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[4] J. Skowronek, A. Raake, G. H. Berndtsson, O. S.
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