Page 29 - Smart public health emergency management and ICT implementations - A U4SSC deliverable on city platforms

are part of this phase and are beyond the public-health frameworks. According to the framework,
the corresponding efforts during the pre-crisis phase address the establishment of a network of
educated people and professionals, the strengthening of social coherence and continuous social
networking and support along with the development of government-community cooperation.
During the post-event phase, continuous data collection and monitoring are combined with
surveillance systems and community protection under a secondary and a tertiary level.

In terms of data generation and access, the aforementioned unified model suggests a process that
consists of the previously defined steps requiring access to specific repositories:

i. The interventions that store the public health measures planned or undertaken for the
community’s safety.
ii. The incidents, where the information that is being collected by the research labs, the hospitals
and the surveillance systems is stored.

iii. The KPIs that collect processed data for the measurement of the crisis size and sprawl (e.g., the
epidemic curve).
iv. The civil protection repository that stores corresponding data (e.g., source allocation, activities,
events).

And the representative information systems that should collaborate:

i. The national public health control centre’s dashboard where all the collected and processed
data will be depicted.

ii. The national e-health system – which is potentially different when comparing research labs and
the hospitals.
iii. The civil protection system.

iv. The external WHO/others’ dashboards that belong to other countries’ national public health
systems or the WHO.

With respect to smart sustainable cities (SSC), both the above framework and data flow requirements
utilize smart infrastructure, smart services and crowdsourcing in cities. For instance, the IoT SSC
infrastructure can detect operational changes when an emergency occurs. It can interact with
existing safety systems, while supporting rescue procedures during disasters. These processes
could also include alerting and evacuation . More specifically, the IoT-based transportation safety
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management aims to anticipate disasters and mitigate transportation damage, and consists of four
phases (Figure 4):

i. Phase 1: Uses vehicle sensors to predict environmental disasters, while monitoring traffic and
the safety status of transportation infrastructure after a disaster (e.g., bridges, tunnels etc.).
ii. Phase 2: Analyses real-time collected data from various IoT devices (e.g., vehicles, streets,
environmental sensors etc.) to estimate the crisis size.

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