Page 136 - ITU Journal - ICT Discoveries - Volume 1, No. 2, December 2018 - Second special issue on Data for Good

ITU JOURNAL: ICT Discoveries, Vol. 1(2), December 2018

bim/B2b +QM/m+i2/ BM hm`F2v (kN)- S FBbi M (8)- LB;2@ H2+im H T`QT2`iv H rb M/ MQ`Kb `2 K `F2/Hv /Bz2`2MiX
`B (k)- AM/QM2bB (eN)- M/ GQM/QM (dy) ? p2 `2p2 H2/ 1 +? r22F- +QMi2Mi +m` iQ`b bb2K#H2 i?2B` +QMi2Mi b2+@
bBKBH ` }M/BM;b M/ ? p2 HbQ /2KQMbi` i2/ i?2 2+Q@ iBQMb M/ T bb i?Qb2 b2+iBQMb iQ ?B;?@H2p2H /Bbi`B#miBQM
MQKB+ #2M2}i i?2 +QKKmM H KQ/2H + M ? p2X LQi #Hv- i2 K FMQrM b K i`Bx- r?B+? BM im`M bb2K#H2b i?2
i?Bb KQ/2H Bb Km+? KQ`2 T`2p H2Mi BM /2p2HQTBM; `2@ 7mHH T +F ;2X h?2 }M HBx2/ T +F ;2 Bb i?2M T bb2/ QM iQ
;BQMb- HBF2Hv ;Bp2M i?2 H +F Q7 m#B[mBiQmb ?QK2 AMi2`@ KB/@H2p2H /Bbi`B#miQ`b- r?Q T bb Bi QM iQ Qi?2` bK HH2`
M2i ++2bb M/ zQ`/ #H2 bm#b+`BTiBQM ` i2b BM i?2b2 `@ /Bbi`B#miQ`b M/ bQ QM- 2p2Mim HHv `2 +?BM; +QMbmK2`bX
2 b (jj- j9- j8- je)X h?2 +QHH2+iBQM `2+2Bp2/ #v M 2M/@mb2` ivTB+ HHv T bb2b
* Sb `2 bQ T`2p H2Mi #2+ mb2 i?2B` +Qbi + M #2 [mB+FHv i?`Qm;? b2p2` H KB/@H2p2H /Bbi`B#miQ`b- T `iB+mH `Hv 7Q`
KKQ`iBx2/ #v i?2 pQHmK2 Q7 T2QTH2 H2p2` ;BM; BM7` b@ 2M/@mb2`b QmibB/2 Q7 > p M X ai `iBM; BM > p M - 1H S @
i`m+im`2 BM 2t+? M;2 7Q` BM+`2 b2/ Tm#HB+ ;QQ/ UBX2X- M@ [m2i2 +QMi2Mi Bb /Bbi`B#mi2/ iQ HH i?2 T`QpBM+2b Q7 *m#
+?Q` BMbiBimiBQM KQ/2HV- BM+`2 b2/ K `F2i #BHBiv UBX2X- i?`Qm;? bvbi2K Q7 ? `/ /`Bp2b T bb2/ pB + `- TH M2-
dz7`22 ?Qi bTQiǴ KQ/2HV- Q` 7Q` bi` B;?i T`Q}i #BHBiv UBX2X- i` BM- M/ #mbX JB/@H2p2H /Bbi`B#miQ`b Q7i2M KQ/B7v i?2
AMi2`M2i + 7û KQ/2HVX *`BiB+ HHv- i?2v ? p2 `2T2 i #Hv +QMi2Mi- T `iB+mH `Hv BM Q`/2` iQ `2KQp2 +QMi2Mi MQi Q7
/2KQMbi` i2/ i?2B` #BHBiv iQ bm++2bb7mHHv DmKT@bi `i M BMi2`2bi iQ i?2B` +mbiQK2`b U`2/m+BM; i?2 bBx2 Q7 i?2B`
BM7Q`K iBQM 2+QMQKv r?2M AMi2`M2i ++2bb Bb MQi m#B[@ /Bbi`B#miBQMV- Q` iQ // +QMi2Mi bm+? b HQ+ H +QMi2Mi Q7
mBiQmbHv ++2bbB#H2 iQ +QKKmMBivX BMi2`2bi BM T `ib Q7 *m# QmibB/2 Q7 > p M X
*QKKmMBiv +m` i2/ +QMi2MiX aQK2 +QKKmMBiB2b J i`B+2b HbQ // /p2`iBb2K2Mib iQ bQK2 +QMi2Mi- M/
? p2 #22M BbQH i2/ 7`QK i?2 ;`2 i2` ;HQ# H AMi2`M2i /m2 Bi Bb `2TQ`i2/ i? i BM+QK2 7`QK i?2b2 /p2`iBb2K2Mib `B@
iQ TQHBiB+ H@/`Bp2M TQHB+B2bX *m# ? b QM2 Q7 i?2 ?B;?2bi p Hb BM+QK2 7`QK 722b T B/ #v mb2`b 7Q` i?2 +QMi2Mi Bi@
` i2b Q7 HBi2` +v M/ 2/m+ iBQM BM i?2 rQ`H/- #mi HbQ QM2 b2H7 (j3)X J i`B+2b HbQ TH v `QH2 BM bTQMbQ`BM; M/
Q7 i?2 HQr2bi ` i2b Q7 /B`2+i AMi2`M2i ++2bbX JQbi /B`2+i 2M+Qm` ;BM; i?2 T`Q/m+iBQM Q7 mMB[m2 +QMi2Mi- 2t+HmbBp2
AMi2`M2i ++2bb BM *m# Bb i?`Qm;? Qmi/QQ` Tm#HB+ qB6B iQ i?2B` p2`bBQM Q7 1H S [m2i2X AM i?Bb b2Mb2- K i`B+2b
T `Fb r?2`2 ++2bb Bb 2tT2MbBp2 U TT`QtBK i2Hv 0R la. TH v p `B2iv Q7 `QH2b b+`B#2/ iQ i` /BiBQM H T`Q/m+iBQM
T2` ?Qm` Q7 ++2bb 7`QK M p2` ;2 *m# M b H `v Q7 0jy bim/BQb M/ ho +? MM2Hb- i FBM; + `2 Q7 /Bbi`B#miBQM-
la. T2` KQMi?V- BM+QMbBbi2Mi- M/ BM+QMp2MB2Mi BM +QK@ b2HHBM; /p2`iBbBM; M/ bTQMbQ`BM; i?2 T`Q/m+iBQM Q7 2t@
T `BbQM rBi? T2`bBbi2Mi KQ#BH2 ++2bbX >Qr2p2`- /B`2+i +HmbBp2 +QMi2MiX
AMi2`M2i ++2bb Bb QMHv T `i Q7 i?2 biQ`v BM *m# X *m# Mb h?2 /Bbi`B#miBQM Q7 1H S [m2i2 Bb M2irQ`F Q7 ?mK M
? p2 HbQ /2p2HQT2/ mMB[m2 M/ `Q#mbi Q|BM2 bvbi2Kb `2H iBQMb?BTb ` i?2` i? M M2irQ`F Q7 AMi2`M2i `Qmi2`b
7Q` /Bbi`B#miBM; /B;Bi H +QMi2Mi i?`Qm;? `2KQp #H2 biQ`@ M/ Qi?2` BM7` bi`m+im`2X Ai #mBH/b QM- bi`2M;i?2Mb M/
;2 K2/B HBF2 la" i?mK# /`Bp2b M/ TQ`i #H2 ? `/ 2tTHQBib 2tBbiBM; ?mK M `2H iBQMb?BTb M/ /Bbi`B#miBQM
/`Bp2b + HH2/ 1H S [m2i2 a2K M H Uh?2 q22FHv S +F ;2V bvbi2Kb /2p2HQT2/ Qp2` K Mv v2 `b iQ /Bbi`B#mi2 }`bi
(Rd- e)X h?mb *m# Mb mb2 7 b+BM iBM; QMHBM2@Q|BM2 ?v@ K ; xBM2b M/ MQp2Hb 7`QK #`Q / M/ i?2M o>af.o.
#`B/ KQ/2H 7Q` AMi2`M2i ++2bb- r?B+? r?BH2 /2p2HQT2/ KQpB2b M/ }M HHv AMi2`M2i +QMi2MiX .Bbi`B#miBQM # b2/
Qmi Q7 M2+2bbBiv- ? b MmK#2` Q7 /p Mi ;2b rQ`i? +QM@ QM ?mK M `2H iBQMb?BTb K F2 T `iB+BT Mib H2bb pmHM2` @
bB/2`BM; KQ`2 #`Q /HvX #H2 iQ +2Mi` HBx2/ bm`p2BHH M+2 Q` K MBTmH iBQM- #mi TQ@
1H S [m2i2 a2K M H Bb +QHH2+iBQM Q7 /B;Bi H K i2`B H i2MiB HHv KQ`2 pmHM2` #H2 iQ KQMBiQ`BM; M/ K MBTmH @
/Bbi`B#mi2/ bBM+2 TT`QtBK i2Hv kyy3 BM i?2 mMQ{+B H iBQM #v T2QTH2 +HQb2 iQ i?2K BM i?2 /Bbi`B#miBQM +? BMX
*m# M K `F2iTH +2 b M AMi2`M2i Hi2`M iBp2X Ai ? b >Qr2p2`- Bi Bb rQ`i? +QMbB/2`BM; i? i BM/BpB/m Hb `2 H@
#22M + HH2/ *m# Ƕb :QQ;H2- uQmhm#2- L2i~Bt- >mHm- M/ r vb KQ`2 pmHM2` #H2 iQ i?Qb2 T?vbB+ HHv +HQb2 iQ i?2K-
aTQiB7v Ĝ HH rBi?Qmi i?2 AMi2`M2i (e3- j3)X lT/ i2/ M/ #mi bvbi2K # b2/ QM 2tBbiBM; `2H iBQMb?BTb `2/m+2b i?2
/Bbi`B#mi2/ 2p2`v r22F- Bi +QMi BMb /Bp2`b2 +QHH2+iBQM pmHM2` #BHBiv iQ `2KQi2 M/ +2Mi` HBx2/ KQMBiQ`BM; M/
Q7 /B;Bi H +QMi2Mi- #Qi? /QrMHQ /2/ 7`QK #`Q / M/ K MBTmH iBQM BMi`Q/m+2/ #v AMi2`M2i TH i7Q`KbX
T`Q/m+2/ rBi?BM *m# - KQpB2b M/ ho b?Qrb UBM+Hm/@ 1H S [m2i2 `2T`2b2Mib QM2 p2`v bm++2bb7mH K2 Mb Q7 /@
BM; M2r `2H2 b2bV- KmbB+ M/ KmbB+ pB/2Qb- pB/2Q ; K2b- /`2bbBM; T `iB+mH ` b2i Q7 +QMbi` BMib- +? HH2M;2b- M/
bTQ`ib T`Q;` KKBM;- /B;Bi H K ; xBM2b- #QQFb- `2HB;BQmb QTTQ`imMBiB2b i? i +QM7`QMi T2QTH2 BM *m# iQ/ vX Ai
K i2`B Hb- KQ#BH2 M/ S* TTHB+ iBQMb- M/ 2MiB`2 +QTB2b HbQ Qz2`b M QTTQ`imMBiv iQ +QMbB/2` ?v#`B/ KQ/2Hb
Q7 r2#bBi2b BM+Hm/BM; qBFBT2/B M/ _2pQHB+Q- *m# M 7Q` AMi2`M2i +QMbmKTiBQM 2p2M BM +QKKmMBiB2b r?2`2 /B@
*` B;bHBbi@bivH2 K `F2iTH +2X h?2 /Bbi`B#miBQM Q7 1H S @ `2+i ++2bb Bb zQ`/ #H2 M/ m#B[mBiQmbX P|BM2 ++2bb
[m2i2- r?BH2 MQi Q{+B HHv b M+iBQM2/ #v i?2 ;Qp2`MK2Mi- KQ/2Hb HBF2 1H S [m2i2 Qz2` K2 Mb Q7 pQB/BM; QM@
? b +H2 `Hv #22M T2`KBii2/ #v r v Q7 H +F Q7 ;Qp2`M@ HBM2 i` +FBM;fbm`p2BHH M+2 KQ/2Hb i? i `2 +QKKQM BM
K2Mi /Bb`mTiBQMX PM2 `2 bQM Bi Bb bQ rB/2Hv iQH2` i2/ Bb Qi?2` `2;BQMbX P|BM2 ++2bb T`QpB/2b 7Q` QM2 ivT2 Q7
i? i Bi /Q2b MQi +QMi BM +QMi2Mi i? i Bb MiB@;Qp2`MK2Mi- MQMvKBiv Q7 ++2bb, KQ`2 pBbB#BHBiv iQ T2QTH2 +HQb2 #v
bm#p2`bBp2- Q#b+2M2- Q` TQ`MQ;` T?B+- 7QHHQrBM; i?2 dzMQ BM i?2 /Bbi`B#miBQM bvbi2K- #mi H2bb bm`p2BHH M+2 7`QK
TQHBiB+b- MQ TQ`MQ;` T?vǴ TQHB+v +QKKQM rBi?BM *m# ;Qp2`MK2Mi Q` +Q`TQ` i2 2MiBiB2bX q?BH2 MQi i?2 + b2
(e3- 89)VX Jm+? Q7 i?2 +QMi2Mi Bb mM/2` +QTv`B;?i BM Qi?2` BM *m# - .hL bvbi2Kb HBF2 1H S [m2i2 ? p2 #22M mb2/
+QmMi`B2b M/ rQmH/ #2 +QMbB/2`2/ TB` i2/ K i2`B H- #mi iQ pQB/ ;Qp2`MK2Mi +2MbQ`b?BT 7Q` 2t KTH2 BM LQ`i?
i?Bb Bb bQ+B HHv ++2Ti #H2 M/ H2; H BM *m# - r?2`2 BMi2H@ EQ`2 r?2`2 la" /`Bp2b HQ /2/ rBi? p `B2iv Q7 2Mi2`@

114 © International Telecommunication Union, 2018