Page 377 - Shaping smarter and more sustainable cities - Striving for sustainable development goals

4) Management: this module contains all rules and procedures for managing a smart
sustainable city. The processes, people, resource, land and information are the primary
elements and could be controlled centrally or individually with the appropriate set of
standards. It is analyzed in the following components:

a. Information management: this includes information collection and dissemination
across the SSC.
b. Process management: this addresses ICT management from a business transaction
perspective in order to secure quality of service.

c. People management: this refers to human and workflow management in terms of a
sequence of operations within the city, like a single organization (ISO1252 (2006)) and
visualization (ISO/TR 16044 (2004)).

d. Land/spatial management: it represents urban and rural planning processes, as a means
to secure sustainable land use.
e. Resource management: focuses on resource utilization and constraints' avoidance, in
order to capitalize the steadily flowing municipal resources and facilities (i.e.,
machinery, tools, etc.).

5) Data: this module extends the approach from Al‐Hader et al. (2009). Data is crucial in SSC
and can be either used or produced, while they can be stored centrally or in a distributed
manner (locally). It is analyzed in the following components:

a. People data: it concerns individual information, which is produced by SSC inhabitants
and are mostly preserved with privacy issues.
b. Process data: it is produced during SSC service execution and routine transactions
between machines and/or people.

c. Documents: these are mainly used or produced by government applications or within
the business sectors. Documents can be also the basis of SSC operations (i.e., quality
assurance, disaster recovery plans, etc.) and can be organized in digital libraries.
d. Geospatial: this is the data being utilized by Geographical Information Systems (GIS).

e. Business data: this data is used or created in the business module and in the smart
economy applications.

ITU‐T's Technical Reports and Specifications 367