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Connecting physical and virtual worlds

Figure 6 – Packet generation process

Figure 7 – Data format
transaction requests in the simulator. Figure 6 shows that
during the points transfer process, the system generates
packets in two main ways: during the request for a new
transaction (which we call "CommandRequest") and during
the generation of a new block candidate (which we call
"NewSegment"). The "CommandRequest" process is shown
in Figure 6 (a1)-(a3). When a terminal connects to a node
and initiates a transfer request, this request is forwarded to the
node’s neighboring nodes, and then the request continues to
be forwarded to other nodes. The "NewSegment" process is
shown in Figure 6 (b1)-(b3). If the ledger node receives
Figure 8 – The number of packets
a transaction request, it actively generates a new block
candidate and forwards this message to neighboring nodes. of the overall data volume in the network on the computing
As shown in the Figure 7, we have designed a packet power of the LPWA network and nodes. In the simulator, we
type that can be used for LPWA network transmission. use T to represent time points when all the nodes send out their
The communication packet between the node and the node received and processed packets, instead of real-time, since the
contains the sender name, sender’s axis information, hop processing time could vary depending on the performance of
count and payload. The payload contains the message ID the computer running the simulator. We use the simulator
of the content itself. In our design, there are two types of to randomly generate 50 nodes and select the appropriate
messages, one is a CommandRequest to initiate a transfer multi-hop nodes by k-means clustering. Here the multi-hop
request and the other is a NewSegment to create a new block nodes carry the packet forwarding and new block candidate
candidate. generation functions, and we change the result of clustering
The experiment is designed to evaluate the pressure reduction

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