Page 42 - Proceedings of the 2017 ITU Kaleidoscope

2017 ITU Kaleidoscope Academic Conference

It is possible to see in Figure 9 that the Scandinavian In the group of the upper middle-income countries, Mexico
countries that used to be at the top of the ODB ranking lost and Russia are having the highest levels of entrepreneurs &
rank, because of implementation and readiness sub-indexes. business readiness and economic impact. However, the level
of economic impact is middle-low. In general, it is possible
to observe that there is a relation on entrepreneurs & business
readiness and the economic impact in this group of countries,
the higher readiness is, the higher impact is. Exceptions exist
like Malaysia, that yet having an upper middle level of
entrepreneurs & business readiness presents almost no
economic impact.

Fig. 9. Relationship between change in implementation and
readiness scores and the measured impact scaled from 1 to 100
(best) (top); Change in ODB rank from 2013 to 2016 vs ODB
rank 2013 (bottom). Rank is from 1 (best) to 77 (worse).
Negative change ODB (y-axis) implies improvement in rank.
Countries grouped by level of GNI.
Fig. 10. Relationships between measures of economic impact
4. ECONOMIC IMPACT THROUGH OPEN DATA scaled 1 to 100 (best) with: countries´ level of available
ENTREPRENEURSHIP training on the use of open data, the support for innovation
with open data offered by governments from 1 to 10 (best) –
(upper left-middle); implementation scaled from 1 to 100
This part of the analysis investigates the correlation between (best) (upper-left); entrepreneurs & business readiness scaled
the level of open data readiness for entrepreneurs & business from 1 to 100 (best) – (bottom). Countries grouped by level of
of a country and the measure of economic impact GNI.
considering only the indicators on the countries´ level of
available training on the use of open data, the support for The lower middle-income countries have a lower level of
innovation with open data offered by governments, and the entrepreneurs & business readiness and economic impact.
measure for economic impact of the ODB for 2016 and the However, similar to the upper middle-income group, there is
change from 2013 to 2016. a relation between readiness with impact.
For the majority of the low-income countries based on the
4.1. Relation between open data entrepreneurship and ODB, there is no economic impact except Nepal with a very
the economic impact low impact of (16/100).

All high-income countries have a middle or high level of
entrepreneurs & business readiness, except Hungary with a
low level, and the majority of the countries in this group
present some level of economic impact. However, for many
of those countries with middle level of entrepreneurs &
business readiness the economic impact is very low (Figure
10).
Interesting cases are Singapore, Sweden, Italy and Belgium
with a high level of entrepreneurs & business readiness, but
a low economic impact.
From the data, Spain has the highest economic impact of the
high-income countries, although having just a middle
entrepreneurs & business readiness. Uruguay, United Arab
Emirates (UAE), Portugal and Chile, despite having similar
levels of entrepreneurs & business readiness as Spain are
observing almost no economic impact. The UK and Korea Fig. 11. Comparison of development over years
are following Spain on the level of economic impact, and implementation, readiness citizens & civil society,
both have a high level of entrepreneurs & business readiness. entrepreneurs & business readiness, economic impact for
countries: Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom.

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