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                  Figure 4. Capturing end-to-end QuaSE [7]     Figure 5.  Horizon 2020 NEWTON Project and Partners

              3. INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY-ENHANCED               The last two listed innovative technologies are some of the
              LEARNING INITIATIVE: NEWTON PROJECT             main novelties of NEWTON project and represent  the
                                                              focus in this particular work.  NEWTON  aims  to  employ
           Networked Labs for Training in Sciences and Technologies   adaptive  solutions for the delivery of multimedia content.
                                                              This involves monitoring and content adjustment based on
                                                   1
           for  Information and Communication (NEWTON ) project
           is a Horizon 2020 funded project that brings  together   the  combined  effect of dynamic variation of network
           academia and industry partners from 7 different European   conditions, user device characteristics and user profile.
           countries (Figure 5). NEWTON aims  to  provide  a  pan-  Mulsemedia is considered a new  type  of  multimedia  that
           European  learning  platform  that facilitates the delivery of   unlike classic multimedia that usually involves two senses
           STEM subjects to learners from a variety of backgrounds:   (audio/video), involves three or more human  senses
           secondary and vocational schools, third level education,   (olfactory, haptic, etc.). NEWTON project aims to provide
           people  with  disabilities. This pan-European platform will   the learners with mulsemedia experience in order  to
           integrate a set of distributed labs: existing  state-of-the-art   enhance their learning experience. Additionally a highly
                                  2
           teaching labs (e.g. FabLabs ) and newly created teaching   innovative  solution  for  multiple-sensorial  content
           labs as a result of the project. Moreover, the platform will   adaptation is envisaged to be proposed and used.
           be designed to be open to extension: the platform will allow   NEWTON platform will be validated through European-
           for an easy integration of other new teaching labs created   wide pilots carried out in secondary and vocational schools
           by different third-parties. The purpose is  to  facilitate  the   and universities from  5  European countries, including
           access  of  a  large audience, including people with   learners with special needs.
           disabilities, to a large database of learning content that will
           be experienced in novel manners in order to enhance their   4. NOVEL STANDARDIZATION PROPOSALS FOR
           STEM education.                                               QOE EVALUATION IN TEL
           Consequently, one of the main focuses of NEWTON
           project is to develop innovative TEL methods that will be   As identified in the review presented in section 2, there is
           integrated in the platform. The purpose of employing these   an important lack of standardized methodologies  for  the
           novel methods is to increase learner QoE, improve learning   evaluation of the learner QoE, in TEL context. Nowadays,
           process and increase learning outcome.             TEL can be supported by a large plethora of technologies,
           Such TEL methods that are aimed to be developed in the   from traditional digital technologies,  like  web-based
           context of NEWTON project relates to:              technologies  or streaming multimedia systems, to other
               -   learner model-based personalisation        next   generation  technologies,  like  mulsemedia,
               -   gamification                               gamification or augmented reality. Therefore,  defining  a
                                                              framework and methodology for the evaluation of the
               -   self-directed and independent learning     learner QoE in such a complex scenario is a big challenge.
               -   augmented reality                          In this section, a novel proposal for the QoE evaluation and
               -   multimedia and multi-sensorial (mulsemedia)   standardization in TEL context is introduced that aims to do
                  content delivery                            some steps forward towards achieving the aforementioned
               -   adaptation of content delivery  to  learner   goal. However, this work is in early stages and, although
                  operational environment: variation of network   evaluating QoE has also theoretical dimensions, is the later
                  conditions, user device characteristics  and  user   practical  validation that will confirm the validity of the
                  profile.                                    approach. At this point, some  early  guidelines  to  be
                                                              followed in order to define the proposed standards will be
                                                              described,  only. These guidelines were defined based on
                                                                           general QoE frameworks [44].
           1  http://www.newtonproject.eu/
           2
             https://www.fablabs.io/


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