Page 334 - Kaleidoscope Academic Conference Proceedings 2024

2024 ITU Kaleidoscope Academic Conference

To capitalize on the target frequency band's potential, it is across multiple code blocks, thereby reducing the impact of
imperative to develop and implement advanced burst errors. On the other hand, LDPC codes provide strong
technologies and techniques. These may include error correction with relatively low complexity, making
sophisticated modulation schemes, enhanced MIMO them suitable for high-throughput applications. When
(Multiple Input Multiple Output) systems, and advanced combined with RS codes, which are known for their ability
coding methods to optimize data transmission and reception to correct burst errors, the resulting FEC scheme can
[5]. Additionally, intelligent resource management and significantly enhance the error correction performance.
efficient medium access control (MAC) protocols will play Implementing such advanced FEC schemes will be pivotal
crucial roles in maximizing spectral efficiency. In in next-generation communication systems, ensuring they
conclusion, while the optical band or the potential FR3 can support the demanding requirements of ultra-low
band holds significant promise for achieving the 1 Gbps per latency and high-efficiency real-time multimedia services.
user data rate in 6G, its success hinges on breakthroughs in
spectral efficiency. By pushing the boundaries of current The remainder of this paper is organized as follows: Section
technology and developing innovative solutions, we can 2 details the system model and FEC schemes utilized in our
unlock the full potential of this frequency range and realize study. In Section 3, we introduce the proposed system
the high-speed, high-capacity vision of 6G. model. Section 4 presents the simulation results of the
proposed techniques and offers a comparison with the
To get along with the high-capacity and flexibility LDPC-coded scheme. Finally, Section 5 concludes the
requirements, the bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) paper.
transmission system attracted much attention [6] because it
provides more spectrally efficient and reliable data 2. OVERVIEW OF SYSTEM MODEL AND
transmission. CORRECTION
FORWARD
ERROR
TECHNIQUES
BICM is a practical approach where we combine the best of
the two worlds, i.e., modulation and powerful families of In this section, we briefly discuss the system model and
binary codes practically supporting any modulation format. FECs used in this paper
In fact, current-era systems capable of achieving high
spectral efficiency (e.g., DSL, Wireless LANs, WiMax, etc.) 2.1 System Model
attribute BICM, making it the de-facto established coding
technique for waveform channels. The encoded bits undergo interleaving before transmission
through the channel. Upon reception, the symbols are
In this paper, we choose low-density parity check (LDPC) deinterleaved and sent to the decoder. The received signal
codes because probabilistic codes such as LDPC codes can be expressed as
have become very popular due to their iterative decoding
structures. According to 3GPP, LDPC codes are = + ℎ, (1)
recommended for the 5G NR data plane information. For a
long code length, these codes give near-Shannon limit where represents the received data vector, the channel
performance. The LDPC codes have been shown to fading coefficient vector, is the amplitude of the
outperform other classes of probabilistic codes, like turbo transmitted symbol, which is LDPC encoded, QAM
5
codes, for block lengths of the order of 10 or more. We mapped, and RS precoded, and ℎ the thermal noise
also choose Reed Solomon (RS) codes because they are the
current vector. Here, is defined as (1 − )2 √ , with
premier binary algebraic block codes with easy construction
being the transmission bit, the average received optical
and polynomial-decoding complexity [7]. Also, the RS
power, and T the duration of the transmitted orthonormal
codes are de facto standards for many consumer
rectangular pulse. The probability density function (PDF)
applications. To increase the spectral efficiency of the
of this widely adopted channel model for 1550 nm is as
bandwidth-limited channel, we use 256-QAM at the
follows [8]
transmitter.
In terms of performance requirements, achieving a very low (α+β) 2
⁄
2(αβ) (α+β)
bit error rate (BER) is crucial for next-generation (ℎ) = ℎ ( 2 )−1 Κ α−β (2√αβℎ) (2)
H
communication systems. This low BER is essential to Γ(α)Γ(β)
enable ultra-low latency and highly efficient real-time
multimedia services. To meet these stringent demands, where represents channel fading, Γ the gamma function
more powerful forward error correction (FEC) mechanisms and K α-β the modified Bessel function of the second kind
are necessary. One promising approach to achieve the and order ( − ), The parameters and are directly
desired low BER is the use of bit interleaved and LDPC related to atmospheric conditions and determine the
precoded codes. These coding techniques offer robust error turbulence strength.
correction capabilities, which are vital for maintaining data
integrity and ensuring reliable communication in high- 2.2 LDPC Codes
speed networks. Bit interleaving helps in spreading the bits

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