Page 78 - Reference framework for integrated management of an SSC - A U4SSC deliverable on city platforms

on which the components object of the different IoT projects work reliably, securely and with high
availability. It shall cover at least:

• Authentication and authorization.

• Security in communications and security of all the elements deployed in the different components,
especially the sensing layer.
• Monitoring and integrity of the system.

The use of one or another technology, as noted in previous sections, will depend on different factors
such as the need for bandwidth, the existence of a municipal corporate network, the coverage of
operators, and costs.

Figure 21 describes, in a more summarized form, the main connectivity alternatives and associated
services:

Figure 21: IoT Access technologies

Optical Fibre FTTC/H,
Access WAN GPON, Metro Ethernet

Power Line Hibrid IP Private Network
Communications PLC HFC
/Wireless Access Gateway Wired POTS, ISDN, xDSL & Carrier Internet
Copper

PAN LPWAN Services
VPN Carrier
RFID, Bluetooth, UWB… through LoraWan, Sigfox... Private Service MPLS/SDN
BLE Wired Access WAN Celular GSM, 3G, 4G,
Zigbee, Z-Wave, LoRa... 5G HxPA+, NBIoT, … VPN
802.11x Satellite LEO, GEO, Over Internet
Wi-Fi Wireless VSAT…

Wired connections are required for devices that require high bandwidth and/or where cellular
technology is not available. This would be the case of cameras deployed to reinforce citizen security
or traffic management.

As noted in previous paragraphs, access to the municipal corporate network can be through the
nearest lighting command or traffic light management centres that have connectivity. It will be
necessary to analyse the type of connectivity available in order to adapt it to the integration needs
of the device.

64 Reference framework for integrated management of an SSC | June 2023