Page 93 - ITU Journal Future and evolving technologies Volume 2 (2021), Issue 3 – Internet of Bio-Nano Things for health applications

ITU Journal on Future and Evolving Technologies, Volume 2 (2021), Issue 3

The paper holds the anticipation of providing implementation section illustrates how we have
ready-to-use technology without any modification. experimentally implemented the data through
Although, the proposed system is yet to undergo feedback generation of the control-specific data. In
multiple further steps of trial and error before it our paper, two dissimilar approaches have been
can be actively used. Nonetheless, the model has observed for the experimental feedback of the
been partially established in order to control applications. The detailed discussion has
experimentally incorporate the completion of been mainly segmented into the three
specific tasks. In addition to that, there are aforementioned units which have been associated
challenges of managing and operating the with each other and described henceforth:
innumerable brainwave data that is being
constantly collected. Furthermore, the constricted 3.1 Data acquisition
period of data processing might challenge the The fundamental component employed in our
efficiency and complexity during the application, paper is the OpenBCI Cyton board. The board uses
which also needs to be considered. The proposed the EEG technique to extract the data from the
methodology of the system of our paper has been brain's neural oscillations [17]. The neural
discussed elaborately in Section 3. This is impulses are initially analyzed as Action Potentials
succeeded by, the experimental feedback (AP) that are commonly measured as microvolts.
generation is presented in Section 4. Lastly, results The illustration of the AP, also known as bio-
and discussion are provided in Section 5.
potential of the brainwave during various activities
has been compared in association to [17]. The
3. PROPOSED METHODOLOGY
8-channels of the board have 8 individual
The proposed methodology section intricately electrodes connected to them, which are used for
represents the intended system architecture of our the collection of the EEG data. The electrode gold-
paper, as illustrated in Fig. 1. To ensure ample cups are placed on the scalp of the user according
competency of the system, the pathway consists of to the 10-20 arrangement as observed in [10, 19],
data acquisition, data processing and data this assures the accuracy of the obtained
implementation. The data acquisition segment brainwave data. Moreover, to guarantee the
focuses on the processes of receiving the EEG precise transmission of the data, conductive pastes
signals from the brain. Hence, the accumulated are applied along with the electrodes. We have
data from the subject emphasizes optimizing its accumulated the featured extraction of brainwave
applications by eliminating any and/or all initial signals accordingly. Furthermore, in our paper, a
errors. Upon the collection of the data, the Wi-Fi WiFi-shield has been connected along with the
shield instantly allows the transmission to a Cyton board which allows signal transmission and
computer by means of wireless communication. networking. Therefore, the visualization of the
The data processing further accumulates data in signals in different instances and domains can be
the next phase, whereby it is processed in order to possible through the interface with suitable
filter and minimize external signals, noise, jitters, applications.
etc. Thus, it ensures that the acquired data can be However, unlike the pedaling technique of
further processed or preserved for future analysis brainwave stimulation associated in [14], our
and applications. Moreover, the data can be approach required little to no movement but only
configured to be globally accessible at any instance focus control. To ensure the elimination of the
through the wireless communication of 5G devices. motor functionalities, the experiments conducted
Besides, the signals can also be transmitted to in our paper concentrated on the cognitive and
assigned wireless systems for the observation of visual aspects of the user. The number of
the generated NFB. Eventually, the data

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