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Box 12: Urban development with four types of urban development projects
Recommendation 5: create a four-generation master plan for the city
Most cities already have their own spatial master plans, an important document for urban planning
and development. However, city planning can be broadened by including other dimensions.
These dimensions will help development projects distinguish between “outputs”, “outcomes” and
“impacts”.
The first generation of urban master plan is the traditional spatial plan of the city. It shows the layout
of the streets. It provides an overview of the use of space and the building capacity. On this layer,
city planners map the physical locations of new projects. Once a project has been implemented,
the output can be found on this first-generation master plan.
The second layer can be added to the first to reflect the economic dimension of the city’s master
plan. It indicates the value of the land and real assets shown by the city plan. Once a development
project is implemented, it may also transform the value of some assets around it. This master plan
can therefore demonstrate the economic outcomes of transformation projects.
A layer for the social dimension can also be developed. This reflects the social impacts of
development projects, for example, job creation. For example, job creation for young people,
reduction of the gender gap, inclusion of older people and promotion of accessibility for people
with disabilities.
The last layer reflects the environmental impacts associated with the transformation process. The
most obvious examples are changes in the levels of CO emissions, water quality, and solid waste
2
impacts.
The final two generations of master plans map the impacts which transformation projects have
over the longer term, both on people (societal impact, i.e. through improving cultural experience,
job creation, feeling of human dignity due to proper sanitation system, etc.) and the planet (i.e.
26 U4SSC: Guidelines on tools and mechanisms to finance Smart Sustainable Cities projects
