Page 181 - ITU-T Focus Group Digital Financial Services – Technology, innovation and competition
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ITU-T Focus Group Digital Financial Services
Technology, Innovation and Competition
MNOs X 10 X X X X X
Independent PSPs X X X X X X X X
MNO- affiliated PSPs 2 X X X X X
MNO/PSP- affiliated banks 1 X X 12 X X X X 16
Independent banks X X 11 X 13 X X X X
Type of behaviour
Infrastructure pricing Differential, higher pricing on USSD, and/or STK access 9 Provision of bearer access at below cost Not given fair reasonable and non-discriminatory (FRAND) access to bank/national payment infrastructures Bundling and cross subsidization Cross-platform subsidization and incentives Forced use of
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