Page 727 - Shaping smarter and more sustainable cities - Striving for sustainable development goals

This report gives a specific description to three‐level system of nationality, state/province, and city.
The government is in the core status, enterprise and social groups are the subjects of data resource
exploitation and utilization. Data resource exploitation and utilization should increase public
interest as a prerequisite and should not harm the privacy of owner's data source and national
security.

Open data is a kind of service system which has universal social significance. It is used not only to
increase public welfare of social members, but also to enhance the competitiveness of a specialist
area, or the competitiveness of the region. At the background of opennessgovernment and third‐
party organizations should develop a win‐win cooperate mode, andthen jointly maintain and
developopen data.Through the cooperation establishing a service network covering the whole of
society to benefit the public, this can provide the basis for social development and transformation.

Principles of business model for open data are government dominant, broad participation, and
interactive sharing.
There are three specific patterns:

(1) Independent operation

Independent operation pattern totally relieson the strength of government departmentsto operate
web site. At present independent operation, pattern is often used in the government website, which
requires sufficient human resources, financial guarantee, and technical support. However, this can
give increasing fiscal burden to the government, and also is likely to cause technical problems and
security technology due to lack of human resources.

(2) Cooperative operation
Cooperative operation pattern transfer some sections of the web site to third parties, not only
ensures that government seize the initiative inthe central part, but also ensure that other
organizations work on what they love and master by a third party. Thus it will be conducive to daily
operations and update maintenance of open data, and to reduce the pressure of government staffs.
In addition, to promote the development of value‐added utilization of data resources, it should
encourage the participation of the private sector and non‐governmental organizations,
simultaneously promote fair competition in the public and private sectors. Due to remarkable gap
between governmental data resources and diverse demand of the general public, some of the data
should be professional analysis and research because most userscan not directly use the original
data resources provided by government. Through filtering, organizing, and then processing the
original data resources, third‐party organizations can provide secondary use of data or services for
individuals or other organizations to use, this can bridge the gap between demand and supply.
(3) Outsourcing operation

Outsourcing operation can improve the efficiency of maintenance management through
guaranteed services of professional organizations, this is a good way to cost savings and boost
industrial development. Meanwhile government has a distinct advantage and effects in efficiency
improvement, structures implifies, costs reduction and professional services development.

From now on, more and more open data projects gradually from independent operation pattern to
cooperative operation pattern.

ITU‐T's Technical Reports and Specifications 717