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8 ICT wireless technologies

Wireless technologies used by ICT systems include cellular and mobile technologies, Wi‐Fi, WiMax,
Bluetooth, DECT, ZigBee and Wireless M‐Bus.
This section provides a summary of some of the wireless technologies used by the ICT systems.

8.1 Mobile network technologies – 3G and 4G
4G LTE (Long‐term evolution) is the latest major enhancement to mobile radio communications
networks. LTE is a standard that is part of the evolution of 3G, which incorporates significantly
increased data rates (for the same transmitted power) and better performance to enhance the
mobile broadband experience. It should be noted that this improved level of service can be achieved
without increasing the output power of the transmitters. The functioning of 3G and 4G technology
is illustrated in Figure 18.

Source: Adapted from EMF Explained, available at http://www.emfexplained.info/?Page=25196
Figure 18 – 3G and 4G technology

624 ITU‐T's Technical Reports and Specifications