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Web‐based Information and Communication System tools for information acquisition have been
successfully utilized by governments and municipalities to deliver high quality water information to
the public as well as provide flood warnings. Such systems can allow urban water managers access
to relevant information such as rainfall, storage, distribution while providing necessary information
to the public.

3.2 Transportation

Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) may be defined as systems utilizing a combination of computers,
communications, positioning and automation technologies to use available data to improve the
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safety, management and efficiency of terrestrial transport, and to reduce environmental impact .
ITS incorporate four essential components, as illustrated in the following figure:

 Vehicles, which can be located, identified, assessed and controlled using ITS;
 Road users, who employ ITS, for instance, for navigation, travel information and their monitoring
capabilities;
 Infrastructure, for which ITS can provide monitoring, detection, response, control, road
management and administration functions;
 Communications networks, to enable wireless transactions amongst vehicles and transport
users.

Figure 56 – Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS)

Source: The CALM Forum/ISO TC 204, reprinted in ITU‐R Land Mobile Handbook, Vol 4: Intelligent Transport Systems (2006), available
at: www.itu.int/pub/R‐HDB‐49‐2006/en

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38 "Intelligent Transport Systems and CALM" ITU‐T Technology Watch Report 1 October 2007.
https://www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu‐t/oth/23/01/T23010000010003PDFE.pdf

298 ITU‐T's Technical Reports and Specifications