Page 235 - Shaping smarter and more sustainable cities - Striving for sustainable development goals

centers from industries, departments, enterprises, as well as the municipal dynamic data center
and data warehouse, established for the realization of data processing and application support.
 Application layer: This layer includes various applications that manage SSC and deliver the SSC
services.

 Operation Automation Monitoring & Protection & security framework: this framework provides
the operation, administration, maintenance, provisioning, and security function for the ICT
systems of SSC.

Figure 4 respect to figure 5 utilize also the following layers:
 Users layer: it organizes SSC service end‐users into groups from both the demand and the supply
sides;
 Presentations layer: it contains the user interfaces (web, Apps, voice commands etc.), which
stand between end‐users and SSC services;
 Applications layer: it contains all corresponding software applications that realize the SSC
services;
 Business layer: it consists of the business processes, which lie behind each SSC service execution;

 Communications layer: it contains the above mentioned networks, over which the SSC services
are performed and transactions and data flow are realized;
 Data layer: it contains the data and file repositories, where data are created or retrieved;
 Sensing layer: this consists of terminal node and capillary network. The terminals (sensor,
transducer, actuator, camera, RFID tag, barcode symbols etc.) sense the natural environment
where the smart sustainable city is located and the corresponding hard infrastructure and
utilities (water, transport etc.). It provides the superior 'environment‐detecting' ability and
intelligence for monitoring and controlling the physical infrastructure within the city. The
capillary network connects various terminals to communication layer, or directly to data layer
and/or application layer providing ubiquitous and omnipotent information and data.

The detailed discussions on ICT Architecture and Architecture Framework, as well as security aspect
of Smart Sustainable Cities is available in deliverables SSC‐0345 “Setting the framework for an ICT
architecture of a smart sustainable city” and SSC‐0090‐rev3 "Technical Report on ICT Infrastructure
for Cyber‐Security, Data Protection & Resilience" respectively of this focus group.

2 Digital/ICT infrastructure for SSC

ICT infrastructure plays a crucial role in all SSC subsystems (Figure 3) and they deliver the SSC
services, which were presented in SSC meta‐architecture (Figure 2). This section demonstrates
technical aspects with regard to the ICT Infrastructure, which is utilized in the SSC ICT architecture.

2.1 Network facilities

The network services describe both data and communications layers depicted Figures 4 and 5.
2.1.1 Data layer

The Data Layer concerns, the distributed nodes that require intelligent management and are
integrated into the network. This layer has components that are described in the following
subsections.

ITU‐T's Technical Reports and Specifications 225