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experiences), ensuring interoperability through its use of its tourist platforms and of the city
and the territory with each other and with third-party developments.
• UNE 178504 – "Digital, smart, connected hotel (HDIC) to smart destination/Smart city
platforms”. Requirements and recommendations": This standard establishes the requirements
and recommendations for converting an accommodation into a smart digital hotel connected
to the tourist destination or smart city, in order to share relevant information for the tourism
system, improve the planning of the accommodation and the tourist destination, adapt to the
needs of tourists, reduce the negative impact on residents, and offer more efficient and more
personalized services.

Additionally, the following Publicly Available Specification (PAS), which are still in the development
phase (2021), should be highlighted due to their potential cross-sectoral impact and relation to
tourism sustainability policies.

• ISO/FDIS 21902 – "Tourism and related services. Accessible tourism for all. Requirements
and recommendations": This standard provides a simple approach to the requirements that
a tourism service provider must comply with in order to make its offer accessible to everyone.
It contains a general chapter (including aspects such as information, training, design and the
built environment), and also specific chapters for each service provider type (e.g., lodging,
transportation, restaurants). The document emphasizes the importance of making all links in
the tourism chain accessible. The standard is an awareness-raising tool that provides expertise
in tourism accessibility and leads to an opening to a wider market.

• ISO/DIS 23405 – "Tourism and related services. Sustainable tourism. Principles,
terminology and model": This document specifies the core concepts, principles and model of
sustainable tourism, which are applicable to public and private organizations and destinations,
regardless of their size and location, including other stakeholders committed to sustainable
tourist development.

• ISO/DPAS 5643 – "Tourism and related services. Measures to reduce the spread of
COVID-19 in the tourism industry": The document establishes general requirements,
including organizational aspects, cleaning and disinfection measures, contingency plans and
air conditioning/ventilation systems. Specific requirements are then established, which vary
according to the activity. Finally, several Annexes are included with World Health Organization
(WHO) recommendations for handwashing, the correct use of masks and gloves, or how to act
when a case of COVID-19 occurs among personnel or clients.

Cities implementing smart destination features to facilitating tourism can also benefit from smart
sustainable city standards as well. In its role as an SDO, ITU through its ITU-T Study Group (SG) 20
on Internet of Things (IoT) and smart cities and communities (SC&C), develops standards to help
cities address urban challenges and maximize the use of digital technologies to accelerate digital
transformation. The ITU-T Recommendation Y series covers a variety of global infrastructure, Internet

10 Smart tourism: A path to more secure and resilient destinations