Page 97 - Kaleidoscope Academic Conference Proceedings 2022

Extended reality – How to boost quality of experience and interoperability

It is, of course, possible that a single application might want developer to have complete control over the content and
to use data from various organizations such as, for example, format of the data it receives from the source. In practice, it
including more detailed information from the Chamber of was clear that this independence between data storage and
Commerce about a specific building in the AR application. application challenges the traditional architecture and
Where this is required by a given application, the system requirements set that accompany innovative applications
architecture proposed by [1] comfortably supports this where such as the AR application but that over time the advantages
the queries used by the application are changed to include of this approach become clear to developers. While offering
federation. The use of federated queries supports all the many advantages to the developer, the end user themselves
advantages previously mentioned while also allowing for also benefit from the ability to develop and implement a
more data views to be added to the application without any wider range of applications because it improves the
need to change the application architecture. From an accessibility of authoritative, actual data to end users without
organizational perspective, the only requirements needed to the skills to access data through APIs. This application, in
still take advantage of this approach are that one KG per particular, provides users with a gamified way of interacting
relevant organization is available rather than multiple APIs with Kadaster’s data, hopefully acting as an additional driver
per dataset and that there is a single SPARQL endpoint per for the ongoing development of these types of applications
KG on which to perform federated queries. Being able to in the future.
perform federated queries has the advantage of making use
of various datasets at the source, having the data in your From an organizational perspective and in widening the
application as up to date as possible and having few ongoing scope to include multiple applications using the same data, it
maintenance requirements over time. is hoped that this paper highlights the advantages of
decoupling the data source from the applications built on top
5.3 The provision of ‘geoinformation for everyone’ of them. Indeed, the true proof of the architecture used by the
AR application can only be seen when additional
Looking specifically from the perspective of the targeted end applications with a wider range of functionality based on the
user, the requirements of which are perhaps not explicitly KG are using only SPARQL as the interface; a process that
captured in the architecture outline or not explicitly has already been initiated to a large degree of success within
discussed by [1], the AR application itself exemplifies the the context of Kadaster.
type of application which can make use of a KG to provide
users with easier access to (geospatial) data for a given For Kadaster, the successful implementation of the AR
purpose. Indeed, without such an application, the non-expert application using the KKG as outlined by the architecture
user might not have the skills to access the information approach defined in previous work supports a vision for the
contained within the KG and, comparatively to the use of future with regards to an ecosystem of (Dutch) government
chatbots, this application, whilst offering developers and datasets [8]. This vision includes the creation of
organizations all the advantages mentioned above, also organizational KGs using standardized models which can be
supports users with a low-threshold and perhaps even queried using a single endpoint. These organizational KGs
gamified means of using Kadaster’s data. For Kadaster, this can be federated in SPARQL queries and the results
could mean increased use of geospatial data by a user group integrated into innovative applications, such as the AR
which previously might have been excluded. application, serving a range of use cases benefiting citizens.
Indeed, this architecture negates the need for these large
6. CONCLUSIONS governmental datasets to be copied and transformed to serve
the needs of applications and supports the ability of
Kadaster, the Dutch National Land Registry and Mapping organizations themselves to control and standardize how
Agency, has recently started publishing Dutch key registers their data is integrated. By doing so, the data being used in
as linked data and integrating these in Kadaster Knowledge the applications remains actual and assurance is provided to
Graph (KKG), a fully standards-based knowledge graph. As the end user as to the trustworthiness of the source. Overall,
part of this approach, an architecture was proposed where the this ecosystem, as exemplified by the implementation of the
KKG is defined as an application-independent data source AR application, supports governments in playing an
and various API formats were used to interface between the important and increasingly central role in supplying
data source and the application in question. One such authoritative data that can be directly consumed by
application, an augmented reality application allowing users businesses to build innovative applications benefiting
to display information about a building on their smartphone citizens of their country and beyond.
screens, successfully implemented this architecture.
REFERENCES
The development and implementation of the AR application
on the KKG provided an illustrative test case for the [1] A. Rowland, E. Folmer, W. Beek, R. Wenneker,
standards-based system architecture proposed by [1] as “Interoperability and Integration: An Updated
illustrated in Figure 3. This test case highlighted various Approach to Linked Data Publication at the Dutch
advantages of using this approach, arguably the most Land Registry”. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-
important of which is the ability to store the data Information. 2022.
independently of the application while still allowing the

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