Page 35 - U4SSC Factsheet, Mashhad, Iran (Islamic Republic of), September 2021

Category: Water and Sanitation

Performance to
Category KPI Result SDG
Benchmark

Drinking Water Quality 100.00 %

Water Consumption 162.77 ℓ/day
(per capita)

Freshwater Consumption 100.00 %

Wastewater Treatment: 95.55 %
Primary

Wastewater Treatment: 0.00 %
Secondary

Wastewater Treatment: 0.00 %
Tertiary

The Islamic Republic of Iran is a country in which water resources are limited and under stress. As
previously discussed, according to UN Water, the level of water stress in the Islamic Republic of
Iran is currently in the high 75–100 per cent range and water use efficiency at the national level is
less than USD 10 / m .
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While the quality of water is considered good, the optimization of water resources and the
conservation of water should be primary concerns for Mashhad.

Although water consumption is at the lower end globally, with the Islamic Republic of Iran’s more
limited resources, the KPI benchmark shows that improvements should be prioritized. 26
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The city should incentivize and prioritize water efficiency measures to preserve and protect the
city’s water sources and support its tourism industry. The re-use of greywater for other purposes
may be a source of conservation to be explored.

Enhancing Performance Using ITU-T Recommendations:

ITU-T Y Suppl. 36: ITU-T Y.4550-Y.4699: ‘Smart water management in cities’ can be of help in this
regard as the Supplement provides municipalities, decision-makers and interested stakeholders
with an overview of the main technical aspects that need to be considered in order to design and
implement smart water management in cities effectively.

This Supplement approaches smart water management systems from an overarching perspective.
Therefore, it is expected that the smart water technologies described, as well as their integration
into urban water management systems, can be relevant to inform the design of new systems (e.g., in
the case of rapid urban growth and infrastructure extension), as well as to update existing systems.

U4SCC Factsheet | Mashhad, Iran (Islamic Republic of) | September 2021 29