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Frequently, there are not enough data streams for cities to design a proper and tailor-made public
            policy. In this case, sensing technologies can support cities in collecting the necessary data.

            Once the collected data have been filtered into strictly useful and particularised data, the city can start
            feeding algorithms and implementing metrics for analysis. This would allow the city to obtain valuable
            information on its behaviour and performance (as seen in figure 10). This information can then be turned
            into insights for designing and deploying specific programmes and plans to enhance public services in
            order to better satisfy citizen needs. Standards, measurement metrics and key performance indicators
            can also be applied at this stage to benchmark the city’s performance, allowing for comparison and
            measurement against different targeted values such as the SDGs.


                                             Figure 10: Filtration of city data

































            It should be noted that smart sustainable cities are still facing many technical challenges, from smart city
            platform interoperability, to related security and privacy issues. In this scenario, international standards
            can play an important role in providing valuable guidance in resolving these technical challenges.























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