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Appendix 1: Glossary
Category Term Acronym Meaning
Blockchain Address Nickname of the public password that is normally obtained by a hash function
Blockchain Asymmetric Asymmetric key cryptography
key
cryptography
Blockchain Block http:// blockchainhub .net/ blockchain -glossary/
Blockchain Blockchain https:// www .economist .com/ briefing/ 2015/ 10/ 31/ the -great -chain -of -being -sure -about -things
https:// hbr .org/ 2017/ 01/ the -truth -about -blockchain
Raval.S (2016). Decentralized Applications: Harnessing Bitcoin's Blockchain Technology. O'Reilly
Media, Inc.. Retrieved from http:// kddlab .zjgsu .edu .cn: 7200/ research/ blockchain/ OReilly
.Decentralized .Applications .Harnessing .Bitcoins .Blockchain .Technology .pdf
Blockchain Blockchain In addition, there are public blockchain nets (like Bitcoin, Ethereum, etc.) where everyone can
join it (i.e. be part of the net activities). There are private blockchain systems (like Quorum,
HyperLedger fabric, etc.) where you can operate in the net in private mode so that the access to
the net and operations are controlled by one or several actors (but it is not open to everybody).
There are permissioned private nets where you need permissions from the administrators to
participate and operate into the net and semi-permissioned private nets where is some open
information and additional information must be permissioned by the administrators in case
you want to operate. In private networks there are not public miners nor are there rewards
as in the concept of a public network, where the miner gets profits when they engage in the
mining activity.
Blockchain Bounty Reward
Blockchain Consensus Consensus Algorithm
Algorithm
Blockchain Digital Identity The identity belongs to each user and they can agree to use it for a single operation one by one
and just for one specific use.
Blockchain Exchange https:// www .nortonrosefulbright .com/ en/ knowledge/ publications/ e383ade6/ cryptocurrency
-exchanges -and -custody -providers -international -regulatory -developments
Blockchain Flat money Trust money
Blockchain Fork https:// academy .binance .com/ blockchain/ hard -forks -and -soft -forks
Blockchain Full node Validator node/complete node
Blockchain Gas Cost to operate into the blockchain net
Blockchain Hard cap Maximum catchment of an ICO
Blockchain Hard fork Antonopoulos, Andreas (2017). Mastering Bitcoin: Programming the Open Blockchain (2 ed.).
USA: O' Reilly media, inc. p. Glossary. ISBN 978-1491954386.
Blockchain Hash function https:// academic .microsoft .com/ topic/ 99138194/ publication/ search ?q = Hash %20function & qe
= And(Composite(F .FId %253D99138194) %252CTy %253D %270 %27) & f = & orderBy = 0
Blockchain Hash Table https:// www .cs .cornell .edu/ courses/ cs3110/ 2020sp/ textbook/ eff/ hash .html
Blockchain Light node Subordinated node
Blockchain Mempool List of transactions that are not confirmed yet
Blockchain Merkle root Hash of hashes. It is the root of the Merkle tree
Blockchain Merkle tree https:// blockchainlabs .ai/ the -merkle -tree/
Blockchain Mining To find the solution to the algorithm that allows adding a new blockchain, usually with a reward
in the form of cryptocurrency that will be owned by the miner who finds the solution
Blockchain Mining pool https:// www .blockchain .com/ pools
Blockchain Orphan block When a blockchain block is not used as there is another block with the same number that has
got more blocks after
Blockchain Peer-to-peer P2P https:// dictionary .cambridge .org/ dictionary/ english/ peer -to -peer
Blockchain Private Key It is the secret digital identifier with asymmetric cryptography to encrypt and decipher the
content. It is essential to (1) create a wallet, (2) access it and use it, and (3) to transact in the
blockchain.
82 U4SSC: Blockchain for smart sustainable cities
