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Frontier Technologies to Protect the Environment and Tackle Climate Change





                xvii.    ‘Deployment of the WaterWiSe Multi-Sensor Probe.’ WaterWiSe, National Research Foundation,
                         Singapore Government, www .nrf .gov .sg/ innovation -enterprise/ innovative -projects/ urban -solutions -and
                         -sustainability/ waterwise -water -monitoring -system
                xviii.   ‘Total primary global renewable energy supply (thousand tons of oil equivalent) [KTOE].’ The UNEP
                         Environmental Data Explorer- as compiled from International Energy Agency (IEA), United Nations
                         Environment Programme (UNEP), 2019, http:// ede .grid .unep .ch

                xix.     ‘Overview of the global energy system in 2018.’ International Energy Agency (IEA). ‘The Oil and Gas
                         Industry in Energy Transitions – World Energy Outlook Special Report.’ Jan. 2020, www .iea .org/ reports/ the
                         -oil -and -gas -industry -in -energy -transitions.

                xx.      ‘Cumbria wind farm turbines.’ ‘Walney Extension Offshore Wind Farm.’ Ørsted, walneyextension .co .uk/ en/
                         About -the -project #0

                xxi.     ‘The relative location and size of the Walney extension.’ ‘Walney Extension Offshore Wind Farm’, Ørsted.
                         walneyextension .co .uk/ en/ About -the -project #0
                xxii.    ‘MHI-Vestas 8.25 MW turbines and Siemens Gamesa 7 MW turbines relative to Blackpool Tower in size.’
                         ‘Walney Extension Offshore Wind Farm.’ Ørsted, walneyextension .co .uk/ en/ About -the -project #0
                xxiii.   ‘Sample View of a City's Digital Twin.’ ‘Digital Twin Created for New Indian Smart City’, Smart Cities World,
                         17 Dec. 2018, www .smartcitiesworld .net/ news/ digital -twin -created -for -new -indian -smart -city -3674
                xxiv.    ‘WEF Global Risk Report's top 10 risks by likelihood of occurrence.’ ‘Climate Change Is a Security Threat.
                         We Must Act Now.’ Hasina, Sheikh. World Economic Forum (WEF), 26 Mar. 2019, www .weforum .org/
                         agenda/ 2019/ 03/ climate -change -is -a -security -threat -let -us -act -now/
                xxv.     ‘Rescue amid flooding after Newcastle's 2012 extreme storm.’ ‘Newcastle's 'Digital Twin' to Help City Plan
                         for Disasters.’ White, Tom. The Guardian, Guardian News and Media, 30 Dec. 2018, www .theguardian
                         .com/ cities/ 2018/ dec/ 30/ newcastles -digital -twin -to -help -city -plan -for -disasters #img -1
                xxvi.    ‘Submerged cars after the 2012 flooding in Newcastle.’ ‘How Toon Monsoon Mayhem Could Become a
                         Thing of the Past.’ Kelly, Mike. Chronicle Live, Trinity Mirror North East, 4 Jan. 2019, www .chroniclelive .co
                         .uk/ news/ north -east -news/ how -toon -monsoon -mayhem -could -15623236

                xxvii.   ‘One of the Urban Observatory's AQMesh sensors being positioned.’ ‘Urban Observatory Monitors Newcastle
                         with New Generation Sensors.’ AQMesh, Environmental Instruments Ltd, 20 Sep. 2018, www .aqmesh .com/
                         news/ urban -observatory -monitors -newcastle -with -new -generation -of -environmental -sensors/

                xxviii.  ‘WWF's summary of global biodiversity loss.’ Lambertini, Marco. ‘Sustainable Development Is Only
                         Possible on a Healthy and Sustainable Planet.’ ITU News, International Telecommunication Union (ITU), 22
                         Feb. 2018, news .itu .int/ sustainable -development -sustainable -planet/ .

                xxix.    ‘The Venus Swarm.’ Moriconi, Claudio. ‘Innovazione : Pesci-Robot per La Difesa Di Venezia Dall'acqua Alta.’
                         1 Oct. 2015, www .enea .it/ it/ Stampa/ news/ innovazione -pesci -robot -per -la -difesa -della -laguna -di -venezia/ .

                xxx.     ‘NASA's illustration of ICESat-2's function.’ NASA. ‘Icesat-2 Measures the Ice Shelf.’ icesat -2 .gsfc .nasa .gov/
                         files/ icesat -2 -measures -ice -shelf.
                xxxi.    ‘Big Data characteristics and considerations.’ ‘Royalty-free stock vector ID: 1113268736.’ Shutterstock.com,
                         https:// www .shutterstock .com/ image -vector/ big -data -banner -web -icon -flat -1113268736
                xxxii.   ‘Colombia's site-specific agriculture project.’ CCAFS. ‘Cracking Patterns in Big Data Saves Colombian Rice
                         Farmers' Huge Losses.’ Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR), 7 June 2017,
                         ccafs .cgiar .org/ research/ results/ cracking -patterns -big -data -saves -colombian -rice -farmers %E2 %80 %99
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                xxxiii   ‘UN’s Environment’s proposed digital environment ecosystem.’ UN Environment. ‘The Case for a Digital
                         Ecosystem for the Environment.’ United Nations Science Policy Business Forum (UN-SPBF), 5 Mar. 2019, un
                         -spbf .org/ 2019/ 03/ 05/ the -case -for -a -digital -ecosystem -for -the -environment/










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