Page 939 - Cloud computing: From paradigm to operation

Intercloud and interoperability 5

OpenStack works on cloud computing interface related aspects of CCI. It is expected that OpenStack will
provide a set of test for cloud computing functions.

Cloud interoperability is one of the most important targets in OpenStack project. In order to provide cloud
interoperability, except for native APIs support, OpenStack project also support standardized API
implementations in OpenStack project for interoperability insurance. By now, CDMI [ISO 17826:2012] and
OCCI [OGF GFD.183] implementation is available for OpenStack. CDMI is used by OpenStack to support
container creation, object upload and object retrieve and so on. OCCI is used by OpenStack to support
authentication, instance creation, volume attachment and so on. Since OpenStack have implemented
standard interoperable cloud API such as CDMI and OCCI, it can provide a suitable cloud interoperability
testing environment for specific protocol and helping the study on cloud interoperability testing
methodology. Details CDMI implementation for OpenStack refer to https://github.com/osaddon/cdmi.
Details OCCI implementation for OpenStack refer to https://github.com/tmetsch/occi-os .
5.2.3 Tools

VMmark
VMmark is a free tool that hardware vendors, virtualization software vendors and other organizations use to
measure the performance and scalability of applications running in virtualized environments. VMmark is a
free virtual machine benchmark software suite provided by VMware, which is a commercial company that
provides cloud and virtualization software and service.

VMware release Vmmark v1 in July 2007. VMmark v1 comprises a series of "sub-tests" that are derived from
commonly used load-generation tools. The VMmark benchmark refers to this unit of work as a tile. The total
number of tiles that a system can accommodate provides a coarse-grain measure of that system's
consolidation capacity.
VMware released the new version Vmmark, Vmmark v2 in October 2010. VMmark 2 generates a realistic
measure of virtualization platform performance by incorporating a variety of platform-level workloads such
as dynamic virtual machine relocation (vMotion) and dynamic datastore relocation (storage vMotion), in
addition to traditional application-level workloads. The benchmark system in VMmark 2 comprises a series
of "sub-tests" that are derived from commonly used load-generation tools and commonly initiated
virtualization administration tasks. The VMmark 2 benchmark features a tile-based scheme for measuring
application performance and provides a consistent methodology that captures both the overall scalability
and individual application performance. The total number of tiles that a multi-host platform can
accommodate and the performance of each individual workload within the tile determine the overall
benchmark score.

More than ten computer systems have submitted VMmark V2 benchmark results to VMware by now.

5.3 Cloud security standardization activities
Cloud security is an important subject with interoperability testing for the whole areas of CCI. This clause
information is for future study in order to take into account the security interoperability aspects.
Several SDOs have begun to study cloud security and several governments are also leading the discussion,
releasing documents from a wide security point of view taking into account many stakeholders. For example,
European Network Information Security Agency (ENISA) issued Cloud computing security assessment and
NIST started Fedramp. Cloud security includes also political aspects because it faces security threats affecting
personal and organizational properties. As a result, this supplement lists major SDOs, and references
appropriate security-related specifications case by case.

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