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            The SDN-AL interacts with the SDN-CL via the application control interface (ACI) reference point, and interacts
            with the MMF via the MMF application layer (MMFA) reference point.














                                         Figure 7-2 – SDN-AL functional components

            7.1.1   SDN application functional component
            SDN application functional components interact with the SDN-CL via the ACI reference point, in order for the
            SDN-CL  to  automatically  customize  the  behaviour  and  the  properties  of  network  resources.  An  SDN
            application functional component uses the abstracted view and status of the network provided by the SDN-
            CL by means of information and data models exposed through the ACI reference point. Depending on the
            SDN use cases (e.g., intra- or inter-data centres, mobile networks, access networks), interfaces exposed by
            the SDN-CL at the ACI reference point can differ in nature.
            NOTE  –  This  Recommendation  also  uses  the  term  "SDN  application",  an  application  that  controls  and
            manages network resources (e.g., for application specific routing purposes) by using capabilities provided
            through the ACI reference point. An SDN application functional component as described in this clause consists
            of the necessary software required to implement an SDN application.

            7.1.2   AL management support and orchestration functional component
            The  AL-MSO  functional  component  orchestrates  SDN  applications  (including  applications  composed  of
            multiple applications) with the support of MMF. The AL-MSO functional component may involve the SDN-CL
            and/or MMF orchestration for the deployment of appropriate SDN-CL and MMF functional components
            respectively.

            The AL-MSO functional component includes the following:
            –       SDN applications code repository management;
            –       SDN applications' lifecycle management (creation, modification, and deletion);
            –       performance monitoring of SDN applications to meet SLA requirements;
            –       detection, isolation, and correction of SDN applications' faults, and;
            –       security related capabilities (including for authentication and identity management purposes) of
                    SDN applications provided by network operators and/or third parties.
            SDN applications code repository management provides optimal usage of the repository which stores various
            SDN  application  codes  and  ensures  integrity  and  authenticity  of  SDN  application  codes.  It also  provides
            efficient search capability of the stored SDN application codes. AL-MSO security management of 3rd party
            SDN applications protects from anomalous registration and usage of 3rd party SDN applications.
            The AL-MSO functional component provides capabilities for provisioning SDN-AL resources, i.e., resources
            that are used to run SDN applications, based on the requests received from MMF. The AL-MSO functional
            component coordinates provisioning of SDN-AL resources and network resources in the SDN-RL in a cross-
            layer manner and also performs atomic transactions to ensure the integrity of the requested provisioning.
            The AL-MSO functional component provides capabilities for managing the capacity and performance related
            to each SDN application. The AL-MSO functional component obtains resource quality of service information
            in order to measure and record key performance indicators (KPIs) for the SDN applications. Computing and
            storage resources required for executing an SDN application are allocated or de-allocated based on these




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