Page 621 - Shaping smarter and more sustainable cities - Striving for sustainable development goals

Complex or shared base stations
Antennas are often grouped together
on masts. The combination illustrated
here is that of an omnidirectional
antenna mounted above a cluster of
three sector antennas. In the case that
multiple antennas are present on a site,
whenever an additional antenna is
installed, the compliance boundary of
each antenna should be evaluated
again, taking into account the additional
exposure of the newly installed
antenna.
In the diagram, the compliance
boundaries are shown independently
for each antenna. For antennas that are
close together or operate at high
powers, the zones may overlap leading
to large exclusion zones than for the
individual antennas.

Small cells

Small cells are low‐powered radio
access nodes that operate in licensed or
unlicensed spectrum that have a range
of a few meters up to 1 to 2 kilometres.
Small cells can be used to provide in‐
building or outdoor wireless service.
They are often used to increase the
network capacity and coverage in
localized areas.

As these are low powered devices,
compliance distances are very small and
may be incorporated within the
antenna cover. For some sites,
installation recommendations may be
provided to ensure compliance with
limits.

ITU‐T's Technical Reports and Specifications 611