Page 82 - The Annual AI Governance Report 2025 Steering the Future of AI

The Annual AI Governance Report 2025: Steering the Future of AI

o Legitron: A similar model developed in collaboration with the ICRC (International
Committee for the Red Cross) that focuses on international humanitarian law (IHL),
allowing lawyers to explore how AI can understand and be used to interact with this
body of law.

• Education and Impact: An example of ICAIN's educational pillar described a course Regional Chapter 3:
at ETH Zurich that uses a human-centered approach to solve real-world challenges in
climate, peace, and health. The course brings together interdisciplinary teams of students
to develop AI applications. A new collaborative effort with Data Science Africa to create an
educational card game that teaches computational thinking and trustworthy AI principles
was also announced.

Quotes:
• "Switzerland aims to set [a] course for AI [by prioritizing] quality over scale, public-
private collaboration, and ethical AI development." (Bernard Maissen, State
Secretary, Director, Federal Office of Communications (OFCOM))
• “… the idea [of the Swiss LLM] is to allow this to be … accessible to a lot of
different frontiers and a lot of different applications.” (Mennatallah El-Assady,
Assistant Professor at the Department of Computer Science, ETH Zurich)
• “[Sovereign AI] is how you can make these kinds of models your own and own
them yourself. And that sovereign ability is really the spirit of [the] decentralization
we are trying to achieve.” (Annie Hartley, Professor | Director, Laboratory for
Intelligent Global Health & Humanitarian Response Technologies (LiGHT))

3.7 Singapore

Singapore approaches to AI are based on the two core beliefs that AI can elevate societal and
economic potential, and that it must serve the public good. As an example of AI for the public
good, Singapore’s Project Pensive was mentioned for early dementia detection and at scale,
based on how people draw.

Singapore's take is that good governance should be carried out in a way that enables rather
than impedes innovation, while at the same time being equally concerned about managing AI’s
risks. Domestically, Singapore is investing in foundational research to understand AI risks better,
while Singapore's AI Safety Institute collaborates which other AI safety institutes in the world.
Furthermore, Singapore has been developing comprehensive governance frameworks and
tools (such as AI Verify and Project Moon Shot). Thirdly, laws and regulations are continuously
being reviewed by taking a more surgical approach to address specific AI-related harms such
as AI-faciliated online crimes and to safeguard the integrity of Singapore's elections against
malicious AI-generated deep fakes.
Recognizing that AI governance is a collective challenge, Singapore just hosted over 100 AI
experts in Singapore who agreed on the Singapore Consensus on AI Safety Research Priorities.
Singapore chairs the UN Digital Forum of Small States which launched the AI Playbook for Small
States at UN's Summit of the Future in 2024, and by playing a constructive role in ASEAN, such
as leading the endorsement of the ASEAN Guide on AI Governance and Ethics in 2024. This
commitment ensures all countries, particularly smaller ones, have a voice in shaping AI's future.

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