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underscored the need for such outcome-based monitoring to demonstrate DPI’s contribution to
inclusive development (WEF, 2022).

At the local level, municipalities should operationalize these principles by establishing standardized,
public-facing dashboards that track inclusion, usage frequency, resilience and public trust.
Governments should formalize these exchanges through peer networks, testbed collaborations
and shared repositories of design and implementation case studies.

Robust monitoring and knowledge exchange are not auxiliary tasks; they are central pillars of
sustainable DPI. Governments must define KPIs aligned with strategic objectives, institutionalize
learning through multilateral platforms and foster a culture of iterative improvement. Through
transparent evaluation and global cooperation, DPI systems can evolve from infrastructure projects
into adaptive, resilient and inclusive public institutions.

9 Conclusion: Future-proofing urban development with stack-agnostic
DPI for cities (DPI+)

9.1 The urgency of now

Cities stand at a critical juncture in human history. Rapid urbanization, climate change and
technological disruption are reshaping the urban landscape at an unprecedented pace. The
challenges are immense; rising inequality, environmental degradation and the digital divide

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