Page 125 - AI Standards for Global Impact: From Governance to Action

AI Standards for Global Impact: From Governance to Action

20�4 Standardization and global cooperation

The following areas where standards are needed and where global cooperation can help were
highlighted: Part 3: Future AI

a) Northwestern University stressed AI’s role in BCI standardization, focusing on objective
efficacy metrics derived from biomarkers. Through research by the post-traumatic stress
disorder (PTSD) team, they identified α-wave rebounds (a measurable neural signature
post-treatment) as a standardized indicator, correlating with 36% symptom reduction.
These metrics support cross-border clinical collaboration by enabling consistent
evaluation, while integrating cultural adaptability in research designs to enhance global
standard relevance.
b) CAICT, focused on BCI standardization needs and global collaboration pathways.
The BCI industry faces core challenges such as poor device interoperability, unclear
safety benchmarks, and fragmented neural data governance. Standards are needed
to address these challenges. The presentation highlighted progress in China, such as
the group standards for EEG-based attention monitoring systems. Emphasizing the role
of international platforms like ITU, the presentation called for global synergy to align
technical concepts and testing methods for standards to support safe and inclusive BCI
development across regions.
c) University of Bath & Fudan University emphasized that standardization should act as
a "universal interface" rather than restricting innovation. Standards should clarify core
performance indicators (e.g. command recognition delay and long-term stability)
while leaving room for diverse technical routes (e.g. invasive vs. non-invasive devices).
For instance, unified EEG data interaction protocols could enable cross-institutional
collaboration in epilepsy monitoring research without limiting hardware innovation.

20�5 Key outcomes

The key outcomes for the workshop can be summarized below:
1) Technical progress: BCI has advanced in both invasive (e.g. long-term implant stability)
and non-invasive (e.g. lightweight EEG headsets) technologies, with applications spanning
healthcare, industry, and safety.
2) Industrial barriers: Scaling is hindered by signal accuracy issues, high costs, fragmented
standards, and inadequate clinical pipelines. Cross-sector collaboration for interoperability
and standards (hardware + algorithms + clinics) are critical.
3) Ethics and privacy: Neural data sensitivity demands global frameworks to prevent misuse,
with emphasis on consent and transparency.
4) Standardization and global collaboration: Areas of focus for ITU standardization could
include unified standards for data formats, performance metrics, accessibility, network
infrastructure, and safety specifications to enable interoperability and trust.

In conclusion, BCI technology is at a pivotal stage, with the potential to revolutionize human-
computer interaction and improve lives globally. Advancing this technology requires
technological innovation, ethical safeguards, scenario-driven standards, and global collaboration
to ensure inclusive and sustainable development.

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