Page 298 - Kaleidoscope Academic Conference Proceedings 2024

2024 ITU Kaleidoscope Academic Conference

5.4 Phase 4: Recovery, Continuous Learning, and technologies plays a vital role. This involves the adoption of
Standardization smart grid technologies for improved power distribution and
The recovery phase involves prioritized service restoration management [45], the use of wireless power transfer for
and adaptive network expansion. AI systems analyze the hard-to-reach network components [46], and the
extent of damage and determine the optimal sequence for implementation of energy harvesting techniques to power
infrastructure repair and service resumption [31]. Cognitive IoT sensors and small cells [47].
radio networks enable dynamic spectrum access, making
efficient use of available frequencies during the recovery 5.6 Evaluation metrics
process [32].
Portable emergency systems, including Cell on Wheels The effectiveness of any resilience framework ultimately
(COWs) and rapidly deployable satellite terminals, quickly depends on its ability to be measured, evaluated, and
reestablish basic connectivity [33]. AI-driven dynamic continuously improved. Recognizing this critical need, the
resource allocation, using reinforcement learning techniques proposed framework incorporates a robust set of quantitative
like Deep Q-Networks (DQN), optimally distributes metrics shown in figure 3, designed to assess various aspects
available network capacity [34]. of telecom network resilience. These metrics provide a
Throughout all phases, the framework emphasizes concrete means to evaluate the performance of the advanced
continuous learning and improvement. Digital twin technologies and strategies outlined in the framework. The
technology, leveraging machine learning, enables advanced proposed metric system aligns with the ITU-T Y.3510.
simulation and scenario planning [37]. Post-disaster analysis
using AI techniques identifies patterns in disaster impact and
recovery efficiency [33]. This knowledge is fed back into the
system, enhancing future preparedness and response
capabilities. Federated learning across multiple network
operators allows for shared insights while preserving data
privacy [34].
Post-incident analysis uses techniques such as causal
inference and Bayesian networks for in-depth root cause
analysis of network issues and failures [38]. This continuous
cycle of learning and improvement ensures that the telecom
infrastructure becomes increasingly resilient to future
disasters.

5.5 Establishment of robust backup power systems
and fuel supply chains

A critical aspect of telecom network resilience is ensuring a
robust and reliable power supply at all levels of operation. Figure 3-Metrics for evaluation of Telecom Network
The capacity and duration of backup power systems should Resilience
be carefully calculated based on the anticipated duration of
power outages and the criticality of the supported services. 5.7 Challenges
Effective fuel management is also crucial, including the
establishment of secure and diversified fuel supply chains, as The implementation of the proposed framework for resilient
well as the strategic placement of fuel storage facilities in telecommunications infrastructure requires a multifaceted
cyclone-prone areas. This framework incorporates a multi- approach, addressing technical, economic, organizational,
faceted approach to power supply resiliency. Firstly, the and regulatory considerations. Key aspects include
integration of alternate power sources is crucial. This harmonizing diverse technologies, optimizing AI/ML
includes the deployment of advanced solar photovoltaic solutions for extreme conditions, modernizing legacy
systems with high-efficiency panels and smart inverters [39], systems, and balancing substantial investments with long-
wind turbines in suitable locations [40], and fuel cells for term benefits, particularly in developing regions. The
long-duration backup power [41]. These renewable sources framework necessitates addressing skill requirements,
are complemented by next-generation energy storage managing organizational change, fostering cross-sector
systems, such as advanced lithium-ion batteries and collaboration, and evolving policies to support new
emerging technologies like flow batteries, to ensure technologies and spectrum utilization. Realizing its full
continuous power availability [42]. Secondly, the framework potential demands coordinated efforts across the telecom
emphasizes the use of energy-efficient telecom network ecosystem, potentially through a phased implementation
equipment. This includes implementing AI-driven dynamic approach. The development of industry standards and best
power management systems that optimize energy practices can facilitate broader adoption, requiring sustained
consumption based on real-time network load [43], and commitment from operators, vendors, regulators, and
deploying highly efficient power amplifiers and base station researchers to effectively enhance cyclone disaster
equipment [44]. Thirdly, the integration of new power management capabilities.

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