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ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE DRIVEN TILT SENSOR BASED SMART DRINKING

                                        DEVICE FOR STROKE SURVIVORS

                                        Preeta Sharan , Anup M Upadhyaya , R Vasanthan
                                                                     1
                                                                                 2
                                                   1
                                  1
                                   The Oxford College of Engineering, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
                                 2 The Oxford College of Physiotherapy, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India




                              ABSTRACT

           The proposed work introduces a tilt sensor device designed   underscores  the  need  for  effective  rehabilitation  strategies
           to  monitor  glass  orientation  during  drinking  activities  in   and assistive devices to improve independence and quality
           stroke survivors. Phase 1 of the study assessed the device's   of life post-stroke [2]. Research indicates that stroke patients
           reliability in 96 normal individuals, achieving a correlation   often encounter difficulties using everyday objects like cups,
           coefficient (r) of 0.99. In Phase 2, 96 stroke survivors were   glasses,  forks,  and  pens.  Specifically,  they  struggle  with
           divided into six subgroups based on specific tilt orientations   maintaining  the  vertical  orientation  of  handheld  objects,
           of the glass during activity. The device's concurrent validity,   particularly  during  transferring  them  to  or  from  a  table.
           measured by Pearson's correlation, was 0.78 compared to   These challenges stem from factors such as muscle weakness,
           motion analysis data from KINOVEA. Intraclass correlation   coordination issues, and sensory deficits resulting from the
           (ICC)  analysis  demonstrated  high  agreement  of  0.99   stroke [3].
           between  the  actual  angle  readings  and  the  measurement
           angle  from  each  trial.  Results  indicated  that  the  device   Presently,  there  are  no  standardized  scales  available  for
           significantly  reduced  orientation  range  from 2.31 degrees   evaluating drinking task performance. A review of existing
           without feedback to 0.85 degrees with feedback, highlighting   tools and smart objects that track the positioning of the glass
           its  effectiveness  in  providing  real-time  feedback  during   during  drinking  activity  in  stroke  survivors  has  been
           drinking  tasks.  Additionally,  the  test-retest  reliability   conducted as part of the literature review. However, no tool
           (interclass  correlation)  was  0.99,  supporting  the  device's   or device offers specific feedback on the orientation of the
           consistency over time. Further work will involve the path for   glass during drinking. Previous efforts have been made to
           development of an AI-driven app using SQL files from data   develop a smart cup capable of monitoring the arm and hand
           collected  from  stroke  survivors,  aiming  to  provide   activity of stroke patients while they drink. This cup would
           personalized  rehabilitation  strategies.  The  developed  tilt   detect the amount of liquid in the cup, the force used to grip
           sensor  device  shows  promise  as  a  reliable  tool  for   it, its orientation, and any tremors [4]. In other context Roby-
           monitoring  glass  orientation  during  drinking  activities  in   Brami et al., conducted a study to quantify hand orientation
           stroke survivors, with potential implications for enhancing   and  arm  joint  rotations  during  unconstrained  reaching
           rehabilitation outcomes in this population.        movements  in  healthy  and  hemiparetic  individuals.  Four
                                                              electromagnetic  sensors  were  used  to  measure  hand
           Keywords – Tilt sensor, Smart Glass, Stroke, Kinovea, IoT,   orientation  and  compute  wrist,  elbow  and  shoulder  joint
           Artificial Intelligence                            angles.  Hand  azimuth  is  correlated  to  arm  movement
                                                              direction  in  both  healthy  and  hemiparetic  individuals  [5].
                         1.  INTRODUCTION                     Timmermans A A et al. conducted a study to find the skill
                                                              preference of person with stroke regarding arm-hand training
           Rehabilitation after a stroke is crucial for restoring motor and   and examines the relationship between the use of patients
           cognitive  functions.  Post  stroke,  various  muscle  deficit   affected arm and their training preferences. A list of 10 most
           functions  and  muscle  weakness,  spasticity  and  different   preferred skills were found and analyzed between a group of
           problems  are  observed.  However,  stroke  monitoring  and   sub-acute  and  chronic  stroke  population.  They  concluded
           rehabilitation are expensive, requiring costly infrastructures   that  patient  preferences  related  mostly  to  task  involving
           and  extensive  medical  staff  involvement  over  prolonged   ‘manipulation  in  combination  with  positioning’  and
           periods  [1].  Upper  extremity  dysfunction  is  a  common   ‘manipulation’ which is more similar to the drinking task that
           challenge  for  stroke  survivors,  affecting  their  ability  to   involves  grasping  and  manipulating  the  cup  to  the  mouth
           perform daily tasks. Acute paresis of the hand or upper limb   with maintaining the stability of the cup position to avoid
           affects  up  to  87%  of  stroke  patients,  with  40-80%   water  spillage  [6].  Nayeem  et  al.,  presented  the  “MAGIC
           experiencing insufficient restoration of function. This    TABLE,”  an  uniquely  designed  tool  that  records  the





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