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–  Security and privacy by design.
            –  Availability of reference implementations to foster and simplify the adoption in the cities and
                communities.

            –  Architecture modularity that provides the possibility to implement any component with different/
                proprietary technologies.
            –  Based on global, standard-based open APIs to enable southbound/northbound interoperability.

            –  Data harmonization and global standards-based semantic interoperability through the adoption
                of common, linked data models.

            –  In this document the following parts are further discussed:

                •  Data models and Context information management: Context information management
                   realizes the Northbound open APIs and the Southbound APIs as a high-level open API. The
                   Data models provide the harmonized models.
                •  Marketplace: discusses the different marketplace  API and transaction management
                   (commercial as well as non-commercial).

                •  Data harmonization makes sure that data models can be harmonized to shared data models
                   and between different standards.


            Figure 13: High-level architecture framework model


























            7.3     Recommended specifications and frameworks


            The following is the list of specifications that are recommended when developing a smart city
            architecture:


            –  Recommendation ITU-T Y.4472: Open data application programming interface (APIs) for IoT
                data in smart cities and communities (ITU-T, 2020).




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