Page 55 - ITU Journal Future and evolving technologies – Volume 2 (2021), Issue 2

ITU Journal on Future and Evolving Technologies, Volume 2 (2021), Issue 2

Element Manufacturer Model Parameter Value 4.2 AWRDE models and setups
Bandpass 16.94-
frequencies 17.34GHz Fig. 5 depicts the AWRDE model of a 24-order
Bandpass frequency multiplier based on an MWE approach.
Eravant insertion 1.5dB The model under study includes a chain of
SCF-
RF BPF (formerly SAGE 17304240 loss frequency multipliers in the form of subcircuits
Millimeter) Low
side/high 40/40dB (SUBCKT), bandpass filters (BPFD), and amplifier
side (LIN_S) library models in accordance with Fig. 3.
rejection For running a simulation experiment, two
Wavelength 1525- instrumental library models of RF oscillator
range 1565nm
Insertion (TONE) and RF spectrum analyzer (TP) are
loss 7dB introduced on its input and output,
Optical correspondingly. The parameters of each element
MZM2 EOspace Custom extinction 20dB of the model are taken from Table 2. In the bottom
ratio of the figure, the output power values for each
Bandwidth 110GHz
Maximum stage are marked.
RF power 18dBm It should be noted that each of the first three
Wavelength 1525- selected frequency multipliers is an integrated
range 1565nm
Bandwidth 2-50GHz circuit containing the multiplying stage itself,
Insertion ≤3.5dB located between the input and output amplifiers
OBGF Teraxion TFN loss (Fig. 6).
SMSR >20dB
Maximum
input 500mW
power
Wavelength 1540-
range 1560nm
Gain 20dB Fig. 6 – The schematic of each of the first three frequency
OA Ericsson PGE 60830 Maximum multipliers
output 13dBm
power In addition, Fig. 7 depicts the AWRDE model of a
Noise ratio 5 dB 24-order frequency multiplier based on an MWP
Wavelength 1525- approach. The model under study includes a chain
range 1575nm of subcircuits (SUBCKT) in accordance with Fig. 4
Bandwidth, 0-105GHz and Table 3. Namely, it contains the models of RF
II-VI (formerly XPDV4121 Responsivity 0.6A/W
PD2 devices (“EA1”, “EA2-1”, “EA2-2”, “RF BPF”, “EA3”,
Finisar) R Maximum
Optical 10dBm “WG BPF”), which are the same for Fig. 5, early
Input proposed models of active optoelectronic devices
Power [23, 24] such as semiconductor laser source
Frequency 65- (“Laser”), Mach-Zehnder modulators (“MZM1”,
Eravant SBL- range 120GHz
EA3 (formerly SAGE 653124355 Gain 35dB “MZM2”), photodetectors (“PD1”, “PD2”), and
Millimeter) 0 Noise figure 5dB optical Bragg grating filter (“OBGF”), as well as
Bandpass 98- equivalent optical elements such as splitter
frequencies 102GHz (“SPLIT2”), isolators (“ISOL8R”), amplifier (“OA”),
and coaxial-to-waveguide adapter (“WG1”). The
Bandpass calculation of the elements of the last group, due to
Eravant SWF- insertion 2dB the work of AWRDE at the symbolic level (see
WG-BPF (formerly SAGE 10404340- loss
Millimeter) 10-B1 Introduction), is performed in the same way as
Low their microwave counterparts. The parameters of
side/high 40/40dB each element of the model are taken from Table 3.
side
rejection

© International Telecommunication Union, 2021 41