Page 99 - First special issue on The impact of Artificial Intelligence on communication networks and services
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BEYOND MAD?: THE RACE FOR ARTIFICIAL GENERAL INTELLIGENCE
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Abstract – Artificial intelligence research is a source of great technological advancement as well as ethical
concern, as applied AI invades diverse aspects of human life. Yet true artificial general intelligence remains out
of reach. Based on the history of deeply transformative technologies developed by multiple actors on the global
stage and their consequences for global stability, we consider the possibility of artificial general intelligence
arms races and propose solutions aimed at managing the development of such an intelligence without increasing
the risks to global stability and humanity.
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