Page 73 - First special issue on The impact of Artificial Intelligence on communication networks and services

,78 -2851$/ ,&7 'LVFRYHULHV 9RO 0DUFK

ZLUHOHVV FRPPXQLFDWLRQ HQYLURQPHQW WKHUH LV DOVR D 2.3. Security, privacy and communications
VWURQJ QHHG IRU DGDSWLQJ KDUGZDUH SDUDPHWHUV H J
WR VHOHFW D VXLWDEOH VHW RI WUDQVPLW DQG UHFHLYH 0DFKLQH OHDUQLQJ PHWKRGV SOD\ D SLYRWDO UROH LQ
DQWHQQDV > @ WDFNOLQJ SULYDF\ DQG VHFXULW\ UHODWHG SUREOHPV LQ
7KH SUREOHP RI UHGXFLQJ WKH SHDN WR DYHUDJH SRZHU FRPPXQLFDWLRQV )RU LQVWDQFH WKH\ PRQLWRU YDULRXV
UDWLR 3$35 LV RQH RI WKH NH\ DVSHFWV LQ WKH GHVLJQ QHWZRUN DFWLYLWLHV DQG GHWHFW DQRPDOLHV L H HYHQWV
RI 2)'0 EDVHG ZLUHOHVV V\VWHPV 7KLV SUREOHP KDV WKDW GHYLDWH IURP WKH QRUPDO QHWZRUN EHKDYLRU
DWWUDFWHG PXFK DWWHQWLRQ IRU PDQ\ \HDUV $SSOLFDWLRQ 9DULRXV PDFKLQH OHDUQLQJ PHWKRGV KDYH EHHQ
H[DPSOHV RI PDFKLQH OHDUQLQJ WR WKH 3$35 UHGXFWLRQ DSSOLHG IRU QHWZRUN DQRPDO\ GHWHFWLRQ LQ WKH SDVW
SUREOHP LQFOXGH QHXUDO QHWZRUNV > @ DQG VHH > @ 2WKHU VHFXULW\ DSSOLFDWLRQV DUH DXWRPDWLF
VHW WKHRUHWLF DSSURDFKHV > @ WKDW DUH SDUWLFXODUO\ VSDP ILOWHULQJ > @ DQG SKLVKLQJ DWWDFN GHWHFWLRQ > @
VXLWDEOH IRU RQOLQH OHDUQLQJ 0HWKRGV RI PDFKLQH 3UHVHUYLQJ GDWD SULYDF\ LV DQ LPSRUWDQW VHFXULW\
OHDUQLQJ DQG FRPSUHVVLYH VHQVLQJ FDQ DOVR SURYLGH D DVSHFW LQ FRPPXQLFDWLRQV HVSHFLDOO\ ZKHQ VHQVLWLYH
NH\ LQJUHGLHQW LQ HQKDQFLQJ WKH HIILFLHQF\ RI 2)'0 GDWD LV LQYROYHG 7KH GHVLJQ RI PDFKLQH OHDUQLQJ
FKDQQHO HVWLPDWLRQ )RU LQVWDQFH WKH DXWKRUV RI > @ DOJRULWKPV WKDW UHVSHFW GDWD SULYDF\ KDV UHFHQWO\
DGGUHVV WKH SUREOHP E\ FRQVLGHULQJ D QHXUDO QHWZRUN JDLQHG LQFUHDVHG DWWHQWLRQ 7KH DXWKRUV RI > @
ZLWK NQRZQ SLORW VLJQDOV DW LWV LQSXW DQG WKH GHPRQVWUDWHG WKDW LW LV SRVVLEOH WR EXLOG D
FRUUHVSRQGLQJ FKDQQHO UHVSRQVH DW LWV RXWSXW 2WKHU GHFLVLRQ WUHH FODVVLILHU IURP FRUUXSWHG GDWD ZLWKRXW
ZRUNV H J > @ WXUQ WKHLU DWWHQWLRQ WRZDUGV WKH VLJQLILFDQW ORVV LQ DFFXUDF\ FRPSDUHG WR WKH
SUREOHP RI FKDQQHO HVWLPDWLRQ LQ 0,02 V\VWHPV LQ FODVVLILHUV EXLOW ZLWK WKH RULJLQDO GDWD ZKLOH DW WKH
WKH SUHVHQFH RI QRQOLQHDULWLHV /HDUQLQJ EDVHG VDPH WLPH LW LV QRW SRVVLEOH WR DFFXUDWHO\ HVWLPDWH WKH
DSSURDFKHV KDYH EHHQ DOVR DSSOLHG IRU WKH HVWLPDWLRQ RULJLQDO YDOXHV LQ WKH FRUUXSWHG GDWD UHFRUGV 7KLV
RI PP:DYH FKDQQHOV > @ ZD\ RQH FDQ KLGH SULYDWH LQIRUPDWLRQ IURP WKH
,Q RUGHU WR HQDEOH DQ HIILFLHQW DQG UHOLDEOH DOJRULWKP EXW VWLOO REWDLQ DFFXUDWH FODVVLILFDWLRQ
RSSRUWXQLVWLF VSHFWUXP DFFHVV VHYHUDO DSSURDFKHV UHVXOWV
EDVHG RQ VXSHUYLVHG XQVXSHUYLVHG RU UHLQIRUFHPHQW
OHDUQLQJ KDYH EHHQ SURSRVHG LQ WKH OLWHUDWXUH )RU 2.4. Smart services, smart infrastructure and
LQVWDQFH WKH VWXG\ > @ FRQVLGHUV D FRJQLWLYH UDGLR IoT
V\VWHP ZLWK FRRSHUDWLYH VSHFWUXP VHQVLQJ ZKHUH
PXOWLSOH VHFRQGDU\ XVHUV FRRSHUDWH WR REWDLQ UREXVW :LWK WKH UHFHQW DGYDQFHV LQ FRPPXQLFDWLRQ
VSHFWUXP VHQVLQJ UHVXOWV 2WKHU DSSURDFKHV > @ WHFKQRORJ\ WKH QHZ ILHOG RI ³VPDUW´ DSSOLFDWLRQV KDV
DSSO\ GLVWULEXWHG DGDSWLYH OHDUQLQJ WR WDFNOH WKLV JDLQHG LQFUHDVHG DWWHQWLRQ H J VPDUW KRPHV VPDUW
SUREOHP FLWLHV VPDUW JULGV ,QWHUQHW RI WKLQJV 0DFKLQH
3RZHU FRQWURO LV D NH\ PHFKDQLVP IRU UHVRXUFH OHDUQLQJ DOJRULWKPV DUH RIWHQ WKH FRUH SDUW RI VXFK
DOORFDWLRQ LQ ZLUHOHVV V\VWHPV 0DFKLQH OHDUQLQJ KDV DSSOLFDWLRQV )RU LQVWDQFH WKH DXWKRUV RI > @ XVHG D
DWWUDFWHG VRPH DWWHQWLRQ LQ WKH FRQWH[W RI 0,02 QHXUDO QHWZRUN EDVHG SUHGLFWLRQ DOJRULWKP WR
SRZHU FRQWURO H J > @ 9DULRXV OHDUQLQJ EDVHG IRUHFDVW DQG PDQDJH WKH SRZHU SURGXFWLRQ RI D
DSSURDFKHV H J > @ KDYH DOVR EHHQ SURSRVHG WR SKRWRYROWDLF SODQW 2WKHU UHVHDUFKHUV KDYH DSSOLHG
WDFNOH WKH LQWHU FHOO LQWHUIHUHQFH SUREOHP ZKLFK PD\ VLPLODU WHFKQLTXHV WR WUDIILF OLJKW FRQWURO > @ LQ
KDYH D GHWULPHQWDO LPSDFW RQ WKH SHUIRUPDQFH RI VPDUW FLWLHV RU FRQWH[W DZDUH FRPSXWLQJ LQ ,R7 > @
ZLUHOHVV XVHUV LQ PRELOH QHWZRUNV )XUWKHUPRUH 0DFKLQH OHDUQLQJ FDQ DOVR KHOS GHWHFWLQJ PDOLFLRXV
KXPDQ VXSHUYLVLRQ LV VWLOO DQ LQGLVSHQVDEOH HOHPHQW HYHQWV EHIRUH WKH\ RFFXU H J LQ VPDUW JULG QHWZRUNV
RI FXUUHQW QHWZRUN PDQDJHPHQW WRROV WKDW DUH XVHG > @ 7DVNV VXFK DV WKH SUHGLFWLRQ RI D UHVRXUFH XVDJH
WR RSHUDWH DQG PDQDJH PRELOH QHWZRUNV 0XFK HVWLPDWLRQ RI WDVN UHVSRQVH WLPHV GDWD WUDIILF
UHVHDUFK HIIRUW KDV EHHQ VSHQW LQ WKH ODVW GHFDGH WR PRQLWRULQJ DQG RSWLPDO VFKHGXOLQJ KDYH DOVR EHHQ
IXOO\ DXWRPDWH WKH QHWZRUN PDQDJHPHQW SURFHVV DQG WDFNOHG ZLWK OHDUQLQJ DOJRULWKPV > @
ZLWK LW WR UHDOL]H WKH YLVLRQ RI VHOI RUJDQL]LQJ
QHWZRUNV WKDW RSHUDWH ZLWKRXW KXPDQ LQWHUYHQWLRQ 2.5. Image and video communications
VHH > @
,QIRUPDWLRQ RQ WKH SRVLWLRQ RI ZLUHOHVV GHYLFHV LV D 0DFKLQH OHDUQLQJ PHWKRGV KDYH EHHQ XVHG IRU
NH\ SUHUHTXLVLWH IRU PDQ\ DSSOLFDWLRQV 0DFKLQH YDULRXV WDVNV LQ PXOWLPHGLD FRPPXQLFDWLRQ DQG
OHDUQLQJ PHWKRGV KDYH EHHQ XVHG IRU ORFDOL]DWLRQ > @ SURFHVVLQJ H J PRUH WKDQ DSSOLFDWLRQV RI QHXUDO
DV ZHOO DV QDYLJDWLRQ DQG SRVLWLRQLQJ LQ FDU WR FDU QHWZRUNV IRU LPDJHV DUH VXPPDUL]HG LQ > @ 6LJQDO
FRPPXQLFDWLRQ V\VWHPV > @ FRPSUHVVLRQ LV RQH LPSRUWDQW ILHOG RI DSSOLFDWLRQ RI
WKHVH PHWKRGV DV LW LV SDUW RI DOPRVW HYHU\

‹ ,QWHUQDWLRQDO 7HOHFRPPXQLFDWLRQ 8QLRQ