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Figure 33 – Example of localization

Hybrid networks

Complete application scenarios generally contain aspects of all three categories. For example, in a
sensor network designed to track vehicles, the network may switch between being an alarm
monitoring network and a data collection network. During a long period of inactivity when no
vehicles are present, the network will simply perform an alarm monitoring function. Each node will
monitor its sensors while waiting to detect a vehicle. Once an alarm event is detected, all or part of
the network, will switch into a data collection network mode and periodically report sensor readings
to a base station, where tracking of the vehicles would be in progress. As a result of this multi‐modal
network behavior, it is important to develop a single architecture that can handle all the three
aforementioned application scenarios.

Figure 34 – Tracking Vehicles

ITU‐T's Technical Reports and Specifications 255