ITU‐T's Technical Reports and Specifications 911 Renewable energy consumption Percentage of total energy consumption in a nation that comes from renewable sources. Renewable energy sources include geothermal, solar thermal, solar voltaics, hydro, wind, and combustible renewable sources and waste (composed of solid biomass, liquid biomass, biogas, industrial waste and municipal waste). Non‐renewable sources include coal and peat, crude oil, petroleum products, gas and nuclear. Research performance of top universities Sum of the scaled scores of a city's universities that are included in the rankings of top performing research universities in the world. Scaled scores are based on the number of articles published, number of citations to published work and the quantity of highly cited papers. The scoring accounts for social sciences papers but not humanities papers. The rankings favor large universities, universities with medical schools, and universities that focus predominantly on the \"hard sciences\" rather than social sciences and humanities. Rigidity of hours Ranking is based on the flexibility in scheduling of non‐standard work hours and annual paid leave for a business. Skyline impact Measure of the visual impact of completed high‐rise buildings on their skylines, accounting for the height and the breadth of a skyline. Cities are given scores based on the number of buildings located within them that are above 90 meters tall, with taller buildings receiving more points than smaller ones. Skyscraper construction activity Count of skyscraper construction projects in each city under way as of September 26, 2010. A skyscraper is defined as any building 12 stories or greater in height. Software and multimedia development and design Combined score for each city in fDi magazine's Best Cities for Software Development and Best Cities for Multi‐Media Design Centres indices. Both indices weight a city's performance 70% based on the quality of the location and 30% based on the cost of the location. The software design index is based on an assessment of 120 quality competitiveness indicators. These indicators include availability and track record in ICT, availability of specialized‐skills professionals such as scientists and engineers, access to venture capital, R&D capabilities, software exports, quality of ICT infrastructure and specialization in software development. The multimedia design centre rankings are based on an assessment of 120 quality competitiveness indicators, including the size of the location's leisure and entertainment sector, its specialization and track record, information technology infrastructure, quality of life and skills availability. Sport and leisure activities The quality and variety of sport and leisure activities within each city. Strength of currency (SDRs per currency unit) Currency value of the special drawing rights (SDRs) per currency unit. The currency value is determined by summing the values of a basket of major currencies (USD, euro, Japanese yen and pound sterling) in USD based on market exchange rates and the amount that can be bought by a given currency unit.