ITU‐T's Technical Reports and Specifications 743 Annex A Application of anonymization for disaster recovery One important application of governmental open data is disaster minimization and recovery.Disaster is a social phenomenon, such as threaten human society or economic activity brought by physical hazard and a vulnerability in the society. Disaster management is the way to eliminate the vulnerability and is depicted as Figure A.1. Figure A.1 – Phase of disaster recovery 1) Pre‐disaster: Risk Management Prevention of damage This action includes hardware approach, such as building a bank and aseismic reinforcement of building. In this case, integration with data generated by the use of structural health monitoring is indispensable. The data enables to provide applications, such as disaster prediction and early warning of disaster. The data should be published as open data to encourage these useful applications. However, this data is also a critical data from a viewpoint of privacy and security. In some cases, these data should be anonymized. 2) Post‐disaster: emergency management Damage evaluation is achieved by using data of global earthquake monitoring and earth scanning from satellite or airplane. The data is used for firefighting, rescue effort and medical activity, recovery of city functions and improvement of them. Damage evaluation also reveals the weak points of the structures. From a viewpoint of privacy and security, the data of evaluation should be anonymized. 3) Data acquisition The following systems generate data and is useful for governmental open data: Data generated by sensors in a building with anti‐shaking system like active/passive dampers Transportation monitoring/management system for congestion or traffic accident regulation Preparedness Recovery & Reconstruction Response Damage Assessment Mitigation Prediction & Early Warning Disaster Emergency Management Risk Management